Photoplethysmography: Towards a non-invasive pressure measurement technique

Njoum, Haneen; Kyriacou, Panayiotis A.

doi:10.1109/embc.2016.7590776

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…Auscultatory BP measurements using auscultatory techniques are adequate for monitoring an individual’s BP for medical use; however, there are other devices available for use in a research setting. Because of auscultatory measurements providing an instantaneous measure, short-term changes in BP are unable to be detected, resulting in a possible inaccurate representation of the individual’s BP over time 8. Utilizing beat-to-beat continuous BP measurements provides data at every heartbeat, but owing to their size and cost, they may not always be the most effective tool for use during research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blood pressure measurements in research

Carlson

Dieberg

McFarlane

et al. 2019

Blood Pressure Monitoring

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ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to validate the accuracy of beat-to-beat measurements with those taken with an aneroid sphygmomanometer by auscultatory method. A secondary aim was to explore differences between auscultatory and beat-to-beat blood pressure (BP) with daytime ambulatory BP measurements.Participants and methodsA total of 46 participants, comprising 21 males, aged 47±13 years, height 171±8.5 cm and weight 82±16.8 kg attended the Exercise Physiology Laboratory at the University of New England (Armidale, New South Wales, Australia). During the visit, participants had their BP – systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) – measured using auscultatory methods and a Finometer. An ambulatory BP monitor was fitted during the same visit and worn for a minimum of 12 h.ResultsAuscultatory measurements were slightly higher than beat-to-beat for both SBP and DBP. There was no difference between auscultatory and beat-to-beat SBP with a mean difference of 0.23 mmHg (P=0.87). There were disparities between auscultatory and beat-to-beat DBP, with a mean difference of 4.82 mmHg (P<0.01). Daytime ambulatory BP was higher than both auscultatory and beat-to-beat measurements for both SBP and DBP, with P less than 0.001 for all measures.ConclusionThere was a high level of reliability in the beat-to-beat SBP with that seen by auscultatory; however, there were disparities in DBP measurements using the same devices, which raise concerns over the accuracy of beat-to-beat DBP. Ambulatory systolic and diastolic measures were higher than beat-to-beat and auscultatory; however, they may be more suitable for monitoring diurnal changes in BP, depending upon the research model.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous conditions can affect the accuracy of the Finometer including temperature and arterial stiffness. Concerns over the accuracy of measurements from the Finometer during hypotensive events, alternating vascular tone and hemodynamic instability have been noted by Njoum and Kyriacou 8.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood pressure measurements in research

Carlson

Dieberg

McFarlane

et al. 2019

Blood Pressure Monitoring

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“…At present, several types of research on PPG have been done which extracted information on other applications apart from heart rate estimation and the likes [2]. These include stenosis vessel analysis after hemodialysis process [9], blood-oxygenlevel measurement [10], blood flow analysis as indicator of blood pressure [11], blood volume changes [12], arterial condition analysis for diabetics [13], measurement of deviations in oxygen saturation [14], [15], [16] analysis of sleep staging phase [17], vital signs detection [18], heart rate measurement during bike activity [19], pulse volume estimation [20], blood pressure monitoring while sleeping [21], drowsiness assessment [22], blood flow estimation in the carotid artery [23], arterial oxygen saturation [24], to name some. All these involved PPG circuits being connected to body parts where information is desired and without any discomfort felt by the patient [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Photodetectors for the Photoplethysmographic Signal Detection of Hand Epidermal Layer

2020

IJATCSE

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This study presents the potential of using photoplethysmography (PPG) as an alternative to the use of expensive spectroscopy or invasive skin biopsy to analyse skin conditions, particularly of the presence or absence of melanin in both dorsal and palmar skin of human subjects. This study seeks to analyse the sensing capabilities of three photodetectors (phototransistor, light dependent resistor, photodiode) vis-à-vis varying LED colors and quantities using backscatter radiation. Further, it intends to distinguish the best detector and LED color-quantity combination for the sensing of PPG signal in both dorsal and palmar skin of human volunteers. Photoplethysmography (PPG) is considered as a facile and cost effective optical process frequently used for monitoring heart rate. A light source or emitter and a light sensor or detector make up a PPG circuit. A light emitting diode (LED) is the frequently used light source while phototransistor, photodiode or light dependent resistor are the usual light sensors or detector employed. The simulation results revealed that four pieces of yellow LED and phototransistor detector are the best combination for applications involving the melanin in dorsal and palmar skin. The results further showeddirect proportionality relationship between reflected light and age.

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Photoplethysmography for the Assessment of Haemorheology

Njoum

Kyriacou

2017

Sci Rep

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Haemorheology has been long identified as an early biomarker of a wide range of diseases, especially cardiovascular diseases. This study investigates for the first time the suitability of Photoplethysmography (PPG) as a non-invasive diagnostic method for haemorheological changes. The sensitivity of both PPG components (AC and DC) to changes in haemorheology were rigorously investigated in an in vitro experimental setup that mimics the human circulation. A custom-made reflectance PPG sensor, a pressure transducer and an ultrasonic Doppler flowmeter were used to map changes in flow dynamics and optical responses in an arterial model. The study investigated the effect of shear rates by varying fluid pumping frequencies using 4 set-points and the effect of clot formation using a chemical trigger. Both PPGAC amplitudes and PPGDC levels showed significant (p < 0.001) changes during the increase in shear rates and an immediate change after thromboplastin activation. The findings highlight that PPG has the potential to be used as a simple non-invasive method for the detection of blood characteristics, including disaggregation, radial migration and cross-linking fibrin formations. Such capability will enable the assessment of the effects of clotting-activators and anticoagulants (including non-pharmacological methods) and might aid in the early non-invasive assessment of cardiovascular pathologies.

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Photoplethysmography: Towards a non-invasive pressure measurement technique

Cited by 4 publications

References 13 publications

Blood pressure measurements in research

Blood pressure measurements in research

Evaluation of Photodetectors for the Photoplethysmographic Signal Detection of Hand Epidermal Layer

Photoplethysmography for the Assessment of Haemorheology

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