Photophysics and phosphate fluorescence sensing by poly(phenylene ethynylene) conjugated polyelectrolytes with branched ammonium side groups

Li, Zhiliang; Acharya, Rajendra; Wang, Shanshan; Schanze, Kirk S.

doi:10.1039/c7tc05081j

Cited by 23 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…The polyelectrolytes were synthesized by following literature procedures reported earlier [30,32, 33] . The CPEs can be categorized into three groups based on their different side chains: (1) P‐C‐3 and P‐O‐3 contain branched side chains with six primary ammonium groups per polymer repeat unit (PRU); (2) PPE‐Ph‐(4+) and PPE‐EDOT‐(4+) are appended with bis(dialkylammonium) side groups containing two dicationic DABCO units per PRU; (3) PIM4 and PIM2 are functionalized with two cationic imidazolium groups on each PRU.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescence Imaging of Mammalian Cells with Cationic Conjugated Polyelectrolytes

et al. 2020

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Fluorescence imaging using poly(phenylene ethynylene) (PPE) based conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) has garnered considerable attention in the recent past due to their remarkable photophysical properties. In this report, we studied the fluorescence imaging properties of a set of six PPE‐based CPEs appended with side chains varying in structure and number of cationic charges. The photophysical and aggregation features of the CPEs depend on the overall charge density on the polymer in water. The cytotoxicity of the CPEs was evaluated against MCF‐7 mammalian cells, which revealed that polyelectrolytes with less cationic charge are less cytotoxic and vice versa. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) studies showed that all the CPEs could efficiently penetrate into the MCF‐7 cells after 10 h of incubation. The transit of CPEs into the lysosomes was confirmed by comparison with the uptake of LysoTracker Red DND‐99 dye, which also revealed that the polyelectrolytes are highly photostable. We also demonstrated that the imidazolium‐functionalized CPEs could selectively stain bacteria over mammalian cells, suggesting the importance of CPEs for clinical applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescence Imaging of Mammalian Cells with Cationic Conjugated Polyelectrolytes

et al. 2020

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“…Previous studies have shown that the interaction of P-C-3 with polyphosphate ions in aqueous solution leads to the formation of aggregates (27). The interchain interactions that occur within these aggregates give rise to the fluorescence quenching and band-shape changes that are the basis of the analysis presented above.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…1). We have previously reported that the fluorescence of P-C-3 and related cationic CPEs is quenched by polyphosphate ions (27,28). The current study goes beyond the previous work by demonstrating a general methodology to execute spectral shape recognition to classify nucleotide phosphates using machine-learning approaches.…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 74%

“…1) was evaluated for its ability to serve as a fluorescence sensor for nucleotide recognition. P-C-3 has a fluorescence quantum yield of 27% in water and it provides 3 -NH 3 + units on each side chain which can bind to anionic nucleotides via the phosphate moieties, primarily through electrostatic interactions, as well as other nonspecific interactions with nitrogenous bases (27). Nucleotides serve as the biomolecular building blocks of DNA and RNA and are also critical for cellular energetics and signal transduction (29).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A brief summary is provided here; see SI Appendix for details. The synthesis and characterization of P-C-3 were described previously (27). The molecular weight (M n ) was 12 kDa with polydispersity index (PDI) = 2.2.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fluorescence spectral shape analysis for nucleotide identification

Huang

Risinger

et al. 2019

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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We report a conjugated polyelectrolyte fluorescence-based biosensor P-C-3 and a general methodology to evaluate spectral shape recognition to identify biomolecules using artificial intelligence. By using well-defined analytes, we demonstrate that the fluorescence spectral shape of P-C-3 is sensitive to minor structural changes and exhibits distinct signature patterns for different analytes. A method was also developed to select useful features to reduce computational complexity and prevent overfitting of the data. It was found that the normalized intensity of 3 to 5 selected wavelengths was sufficient for the fluorescence biosensor to classify 13 distinct nucleotides and distinguish as little as single base substitutions at distinct positions in the primary sequence of oligonucleotides rapidly with nearly 100% classification accuracy. Photophysical studies led to a model to explain the mechanism of these fluorescence spectral shape changes, which provides theoretical support for applying this method in complicated biological systems. Using the feature selection algorithm to measure the relative intensity of a few selected wavelengths significantly reduces measurement time, demonstrating the potential for fluorescence spectrum shape analysis in high-throughput and high-content screening.

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A Conjugated Polymer‐Based Portable Smartphone Platform for Sensitive and Point‐Of‐Care Detection of Monoamine Neurotransmitter

Zehra,

Malik,

Parui

et al. 2024

Chemistry An Asian Journal

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The precise and effective detection of neurotransmitters (NTs) is crucial for clinical investigation of neuronal processes, and timely monitoring of NT‐related chronic diseases. However, sensitive detection of specific NT with unprecedented selectivity is highly challenging due to similarities in chemical and electronic structures of various interfering neurochemicals. Herein, an anionic conjugated polyelectrolyte Poly[(9,9‐bis(4’‐sulfonatobutyl)fluorene‐co‐alt‐1,4‐phenylene) sodium], PFPS was rationally designed and synthesized for amplified detection and point‐of‐care (PoC) determination of monoamine neurotransmitter, serotonin (5‐Hydroxy tryptamine or 5‐HT, also diagnostic biomarker of carcinoid tumor) in human blood plasma. The PFPS displayed a remarkable sensing response with an exceptionally high fluorescence quenching constant of 1.14 × 105 M‐1 and an ultralow detection limit of 0.67 µM or 0.142ppm, much below the clinical range (0.5‐1.4 µM). Furthermore, a smartphone‐enabled portable platform was constructed for real‐time onsite detection of 5‐HT by quantification of visual fluorescence response of PFPS into RGB values using a color recognizer android application. The smartphone platform could be readily applied for convenient, non‐invasive PoC testing of 5‐HT levels in complex biological fluids accurately and is expected to revolutionize clinical diagnosis and personalized health care devices.

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Photophysics and phosphate fluorescence sensing by poly(phenylene ethynylene) conjugated polyelectrolytes with branched ammonium side groups

Abstract: Conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) have been applied as sensors for various small molecules and ions including biologically important ions.

Cited by 23 publications

References 65 publications

Fluorescence Imaging of Mammalian Cells with Cationic Conjugated Polyelectrolytes

Fluorescence Imaging of Mammalian Cells with Cationic Conjugated Polyelectrolytes

Fluorescence spectral shape analysis for nucleotide identification

A Conjugated Polymer‐Based Portable Smartphone Platform for Sensitive and Point‐Of‐Care Detection of Monoamine Neurotransmitter

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