Photoperiodic time measurement and seasonal immunological plasticity

Stevenson, Tyler J.; Prendergast, Brian J.

doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2014.10.002

Cited by 50 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 161 publications

(181 reference statements)

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“…Importantly these results have been confirmed by other laboratories and extended by Yoshimura and others to mammals (reviews: Dardente et al, 2014;Ebling 2015;Stevenson & Prendergast, 2015) and fish (Nakane et al, 2013). Earlier I mentioned some of our studies on the role of thyroid hormones in seasonality but our efforts (38 papers) never reached the molecular level.…”

Section: The Thyroid Story: Its Molecular Basissupporting

confidence: 74%

“…T3 is the most highly active form of the thyroid hormones and whilst the final step is still somewhat obscure it is thought that T3 then alters the end feet of glial cell elements in the median eminence, allowing increased GnRH secretion. This model is discussed by Ebling (2015) and Stevenson & Prendergast (2015) (see also Dardente et al, 2014;Wood & Loudon, 2014; and the Yoshimura papers above). In summary the thyroid story is proving fascinating but some quite difficult questions remain.…”

Section: The Thyroid Story: Its Molecular Basismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two others (Weil et al, 2015;Stevenson & Prendergast, 2015) consider the extensive seasonal shifts in immune defenses and also the evidence that these changes are driven through melatonin pathways. One cannot overestimate the biological importance of environmental control of seasonal appetite and energy expenditure, and of the immune system: survival is at stake.…”

Section: But Seasonality Is Far More Than Reproduction!mentioning

confidence: 99%

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“Seasonal changes in the neuroendocrine system”: Some reflections

Follett

2015

Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology

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Section: The Thyroid Story: Its Molecular Basissupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: The Thyroid Story: Its Molecular Basismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: But Seasonality Is Far More Than Reproduction!mentioning

confidence: 99%

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“Seasonal changes in the neuroendocrine system”: Some reflections

Follett

2015

Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology

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“…In humans, the immune system undergoes substantial seasonal changes in gene expression, which is inverted between European locations and Oceania (7). The regulation of seasonal changes in both disease incidence and immune defense is known to interact with environmental factors, such as annual changes in day length, humidity, and ambient temperature (8). Accordingly, quantification of global spatiotemporal patterns of disease incidence can help to disentangle environmental, demographic, and physiological drivers of infectious disease transmission.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital epidemiology reveals global childhood disease seasonality and the effects of immunization

Bakker

Martinez

Helm

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Public health surveillance systems are important for tracking disease dynamics. In recent years, social and real-time digital data sources have provided new means of studying disease transmission. Such affordable and accessible data have the potential to offer new insights into disease epidemiology at national and international scales. We used the extensive information repository Google Trends to examine the digital epidemiology of a common childhood disease, chicken pox, caused by varicella zoster virus (VZV), over an 11-y period. We (i) report robust seasonal information-seeking behavior for chicken pox using Google data from 36 countries, (ii) validate Google data using clinical chicken pox cases, (iii) demonstrate that Google data can be used to identify recurrent seasonal outbreaks and forecast their magnitude and seasonal timing, and (iv) reveal that VZV immunization significantly dampened seasonal cycles in informationseeking behavior. Our findings provide strong evidence that VZV transmission is seasonal and that seasonal peaks show remarkable latitudinal variation. We attribute the dampened seasonal cycles in chicken pox information-seeking behavior to VZV vaccine-induced reduction of seasonal transmission. These data and the methodological approaches provide a way to track the global burden of childhood disease and illustrate population-level effects of immunization. The global latitudinal patterns in outbreak seasonality could direct future studies of environmental and physiological drivers of disease transmission.

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“…A series of elegant timed infusion studies conducted by multiple laboratories using pinealectomised animals later revealed that duration is likely to be the key feature of the melatonin rhythm that regulates photoperiodic changes in physiology (reviewed in Bartness et al (1993)). The contrast between short duration signals in the summer and long duration winter signals is both necessary and sufficient to drive subsequent seasonal rhythms in diverse processes such as reproduction, pelage, metabolism, and immune function (Goldman 2001, Stevenson & Prendergast 2015.…”

Section: Melatonin As An Endocrine Calendarmentioning

confidence: 99%

60 YEARS OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY: Regulation of mammalian neuroendocrine physiology and rhythms by melatonin

Johnston¹,

Skene²

2015

Journal of Endocrinology

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The isolation of melatonin was first reported in 1958. Since the demonstration that pineal melatonin synthesis reflects both daily and seasonal time, melatonin has become a key element of chronobiology research. In mammals, pineal melatonin is essential for transducing day-length information into seasonal physiological responses. Due to its lipophilic nature, melatonin is able to cross the placenta and is believed to regulate multiple aspects of perinatal physiology. The endogenous daily melatonin rhythm is also likely to play a role in the maintenance of synchrony between circadian clocks throughout the adult body. Pharmacological doses of melatonin are effective in resetting circadian rhythms if taken at an appropriate time of day, and can acutely regulate factors such as body temperature and alertness, especially when taken during the day. Despite the extensive literature on melatonin physiology, some key questions remain unanswered. In particular, the amplitude of melatonin rhythms has been recently associated with diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus but understanding of the physiological significance of melatonin rhythm amplitude remains poorly understood.

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Photoperiodic time measurement and seasonal immunological plasticity

Cited by 50 publications

References 161 publications

“Seasonal changes in the neuroendocrine system”: Some reflections

“Seasonal changes in the neuroendocrine system”: Some reflections

Digital epidemiology reveals global childhood disease seasonality and the effects of immunization

60 YEARS OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY: Regulation of mammalian neuroendocrine physiology and rhythms by melatonin

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