Photoperiod Alters Diurnal Carbon Partitioning into Sorbitol and Other Carbohydrates in Apple

Wang, Z.; Zhang, Yuan; Quebedeaux, Bruno

doi:10.1071/pp96134

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…Sucrose content was determined as described by Farrar (1993). Starch content was determined by measuring glucose content after amyloglucosidase digest at 55 °C (pH 5·5) (Wang, Yuan & Quebedeaux 1997). Total amino acids were determined as described by Rosen (1957).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of carboxylating enzymes, sucrose metabolizing enzymes and plant hormones in a tropical epiphytic CAM orchid to CO₂ enrichment

Gan

Xia

et al. 2002

Plant Cell & Environment

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After exposure to a doubled CO 2 concentration of 750 µ µ µ µ L L − − − − 1 for 2 months, average relative growth rate (RGR) of Mokara Yellow increased 25%. The two carboxylating enzymes, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPCase), responded differently to CO 2 enrichment. There was a significant daytime down-regulation in Rubisco activity in the leaves of CO 2 -enriched plants. However, PEPCase activity in CO 2 -enriched plants was much higher in the dark period, although it was slightly lower during the daytime than that at ambient CO 2 . Leaf sucrose-phosphate synthase (SPS) and sucrose synthase (SS) activities in CO 2 -enriched plants increased markedly, along with a night-time increase in total titratable acidity and malate accumulation. There was a remarkable increase in the levels of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellins A 1 and A 3 (GA 1+3 ), isopentenyladenosine (iPA) and zeatin riboside (ZR) in the expanding leaves of plants grown at elevated CO 2 . It is suggested that (1) the down-regulation of Rubisco and upregulation of SPS and SS are two important acclimation processes that are beneficial because it enhanced both photosynthetic capacity at high CO 2 and reduced resource investment in excessive Rubisco capacity; (2) the increased levels of plant hormones in CO 2 -enriched M . Yellow might play an important role in controlling its growth and development.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of carboxylating enzymes, sucrose metabolizing enzymes and plant hormones in a tropical epiphytic CAM orchid to CO₂ enrichment

Gan

Xia

et al. 2002

Plant Cell & Environment

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“…The standard solution had 0.2% (w/v) concentrations of each of the four soluble sugars tested. More detailed description of the method used in our laboratory for the HPLC analysis of sorbitol, sucrose, glucose, fructose, and starch is given by Wang et al (1997).…”

Section: Leaf Sampling and Carbohydrate Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of the apple plant to CO2 enrichment: changes in photosynthesis, sorbitol, other soluble sugars, and starch

Pan¹,

Wang²,

Quebedeaux³

1998

Functional Plant Biol.

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There is no information on the effects of elevated [CO 2 ] on whole-plant photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) and other sorbitol-translocating plants. Experiments were conducted in controlled growth chambers to evaluate how increases in [CO 2 ] affect plant photosynthesis and carbon partitioning into soluble sugars and starch in apple leaves. Apple plants (cv. Gala), 1-year-old, were exposed to [CO 2 ] of 200, 360, 700, 1000, and 1600 µL L Ð1 up to 8 d. Whole-plant net photosynthetic rates were analysed daily after [CO 2 ] treatments. Newly expanded mature leaves were sampled at 1, 2, 4, and 8 d after [CO 2 ] treatments for sorbitol, sucrose, glucose, fructose, and starch analysis. Midday whole-plant net photosynthetic rates increased linearly with increasing [CO 2 ], but the differences in whole-plant photosynthesis between CO 2 -enrichment and ambient [CO 2 ] treatments were less significant as apple plants acclimated to high atmospheric [CO 2 ] for 8 d. Increases in [CO 2 ] significantly increased sorbitol and starch, but did not affect sucrose concentrations. As a result, the ratios of starch to sorbitol and starch to sucrose at 8 d after [CO 2 ] treatments were increased from 0.05 and 0.06 to 0.8 and 1.6 as [CO 2 ] increased from ambient [CO 2 ] (360 µL L Ð1 ) to 1000 µL L Ð1 [CO 2 ], respectively. The sorbitol to sucrose ratio also increased from 1.3 to 2.2 as [CO 2 ] increased from 360 to 1000 µL L Ð1 . Elevated [CO 2 ] enhanced the photosynthesis of apple plants and altered carbohydrate accumulation in mature leaves in favour of starch and sorbitol over sucrose.

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“…The method of determination was that of Pharr and Sox (1984) and Wang et al (1997). Briefly, 200 mg of the sample was ground and extracted three times with 4 mL of 80% (v/v) ethanol at 80°C, each for 30 min, and then the suspension was centrifuged.…”

Section: Chemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Starch Degradation of Detached Apple Fruit in Relation to Ripening and Ethylene

Thammawong

Arakawa

2007

J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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The physiology of starch degradation in relation to ripening and ethylene was investigated using 'Tsugaru' (earlymaturing) and 'Fuji' (late-maturing) apples (Malus domestica Borkh.). Fruits were harvested at immature and mature stages, and treated with ethylene and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP). In immature fruit of both cultivars, starch content rapidly decreased during storage at 25°C, and 1-MCP had little effect on this change. Ethylene treatment slightly stimulated the degradation of starch, but differences in starch among treatments were small. The respiration rate gradually decreased and ethylene production remained low during storage irrespective of the treatments and cultivars. These results showed that fruit at this stage could not respond to endogenous and exogenous ethylene for inducing the climacteric, and starch degradation did not relate to the climacteric or ethylene. In mature 'Tsugaru', 1-MCP treatment significantly inhibited ethylene production and reduced the respiration rate and starch degradation. The effects of 1-MCP and ethylene on starch degradation in mature 'Fuji' were small, and starch content decreased drastically in all treatments, although 1-MCP significantly inhibited ethylene production and the respiration rate. It is suggested that ethylene is partially involved in starch degradation in mature 'Tsugaru', but not in 'Fuji'. These results showed that the role of ethylene in starch degradation differs between cultivars and their harvested stages, relating to ripening and physiological characteristics of the fruit.

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Photoperiod Alters Diurnal Carbon Partitioning into Sorbitol and Other Carbohydrates in Apple

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Responses of carboxylating enzymes, sucrose metabolizing enzymes and plant hormones in a tropical epiphytic CAM orchid to CO₂ enrichment

Responses of carboxylating enzymes, sucrose metabolizing enzymes and plant hormones in a tropical epiphytic CAM orchid to CO₂ enrichment

Responses of the apple plant to CO2 enrichment: changes in photosynthesis, sorbitol, other soluble sugars, and starch

Starch Degradation of Detached Apple Fruit in Relation to Ripening and Ethylene

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Photoperiod Alters Diurnal Carbon Partitioning into Sorbitol and Other Carbohydrates in Apple

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Responses of carboxylating enzymes, sucrose metabolizing enzymes and plant hormones in a tropical epiphytic CAM orchid to CO2 enrichment

Responses of carboxylating enzymes, sucrose metabolizing enzymes and plant hormones in a tropical epiphytic CAM orchid to CO2 enrichment

Responses of the apple plant to CO2 enrichment: changes in photosynthesis, sorbitol, other soluble sugars, and starch

Starch Degradation of Detached Apple Fruit in Relation to Ripening and Ethylene

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Responses of carboxylating enzymes, sucrose metabolizing enzymes and plant hormones in a tropical epiphytic CAM orchid to CO₂ enrichment

Responses of carboxylating enzymes, sucrose metabolizing enzymes and plant hormones in a tropical epiphytic CAM orchid to CO₂ enrichment