Photons fluence to local skin Dose coefficients and benchmark with three Monte-Carlo codes. Application to the computation of radioactive material transport limits

Frosio, Thomas; Bertreix, Philippe; Menaa, N.; Thomas, Samuel; Eberhardt, H.; Endres, J.

doi:10.1016/j.apradiso.2021.109892

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…For the energy range of photons considered in the current example (where the original source was 137 Cs), incoherent (Compton) scattering is a main photon-matter interaction mechanism [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] (see the cross-section data shown in Fig 2 ), and the dose will be delivered…”

Section: Methodology and Numerical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MCHP (Monte Carlo + Human Phantom): Platform to facilitate teaching nuclear radiation physics

et al. 2021

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Some concepts in nuclear radiation physics are abstract and intellectually demanding. In the present paper, an “MCHP platform” (MCHP was an acronym for Monte Carlo simulations + Human Phantoms) was proposed to provide assistance to the students through visualization. The platform involved Monte Carlo simulations of interactions between ionizing radiations and the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) adult male human phantom. As an example to demonstrate the benefits of the proposed MCHP platform, the present paper investigated the variation of the absorbed photon dose per photon from a 137Cs source in three selected organs, namely, brain, spine and thyroid of an adult male for concrete and lead shields with varying thicknesses. The results were interesting but not readily comprehensible without direct visualization. Graphical visualization snapshots as well as video clips of real time interactions between the photons and the human phantom were presented for the involved cases, and the results were explained with the help of such snapshots and video clips. It is envisaged that, if the platform is found useful and effective by the readers, the readers can also propose examples to be gradually added onto this platform in future, with the ultimate goal of enhancing students’ understanding and learning the concepts in an undergraduate nuclear radiation physics course or a related course.

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Section: Methodology and Numerical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MCHP (Monte Carlo + Human Phantom): Platform to facilitate teaching nuclear radiation physics

et al. 2021

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“…• CFD Qx E gp , t : fluence-to-dose conversion coefficient [Sv.cm 2 ] of the Q x scenario for the primary particle of type t. Those values are log-log interpolated at the average value E gp of E gp . Local skin dose generated by the WG [24] Local skin dose from Bourgois et al [25] Local skin dose generated by the WG [16] Q B,eye ICRP 116 ISO MALE eye lens dose [23] The dose per activity unit D Qx (RN) for the radionuclide RN (in [Sv/h per Bq]) in the Q x scenario is calculated as:…”

Section: Simulation Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transfer functions for Q_A /Q_B international regulatory limits for the safe transport of radioactive materials

Frosio,

Thomas,

Endres

et al. 2024

J. Radiol. Prot.

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This paper presents a proposed revision of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) transport regulations, related to the A1 and A2 limit values used to determine the radioactive transport classification. Based on the “Q system”, a novel methodology was introduced to derive QA and QB values related to scenarios involving external exposure from a distant source. These values are key parameters that respectively represent the total effective dose and total equivalent dose to the skin, from all primary and secondary particles contributing to radiation exposure. The International Working Group (WG A1/A2) is established and associated with the TRANSSC Technical Expert Group on Radiation Protection (TTEG-RP). A review of the A1 and A2 values is performed in response to identified limitations within the existing Q system. The followed approach is based on Monte Carlo simulations that enabled the development of transfer functions aimed at reducing computational time and increasing the flexibility of dose evaluations for any radionuclide with known particle emission spectra. This method allows updating the QA and QB values to account for future data evolutions (decay data, fluence-to-dose conversion coefficients) and standardizing the calculation of regulation limits across all referenced radionuclides and scenarios related to external exposure. The transfer functions are established using three Monte Carlo simulation codes — FLUKA, Geant4, and MCNP — and address the previous limitations of the “Q system”, reflecting the latest ICRP recommendations and improvements in calculation techniques. The results of the WG show consistent agreement across the codes, with minor discrepancies observed at low primary energies due to statistical uncertainties and different handling of stopping power for electrons/positrons in the codes. This revised approach aligns with current standards and recommendations, ensuring that the radiological consequences of transport accidents are acceptable for the new A1 and A2 limits from a radiological protection perspective.

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Conversion Coefficients of Local Skin Absorbed Dose per Fluence for Monoenergetic Electrons and Positrons: An Analytical Approach

2021

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Photons fluence to local skin Dose coefficients and benchmark with three Monte-Carlo codes. Application to the computation of radioactive material transport limits

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

MCHP (Monte Carlo + Human Phantom): Platform to facilitate teaching nuclear radiation physics

MCHP (Monte Carlo + Human Phantom): Platform to facilitate teaching nuclear radiation physics

Transfer functions for Q_A /Q_B international regulatory limits for the safe transport of radioactive materials

Conversion Coefficients of Local Skin Absorbed Dose per Fluence for Monoenergetic Electrons and Positrons: An Analytical Approach

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Photons fluence to local skin Dose coefficients and benchmark with three Monte-Carlo codes. Application to the computation of radioactive material transport limits

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

MCHP (Monte Carlo + Human Phantom): Platform to facilitate teaching nuclear radiation physics

MCHP (Monte Carlo + Human Phantom): Platform to facilitate teaching nuclear radiation physics

Transfer functions for QA /QB international regulatory limits for the safe transport of radioactive materials

Conversion Coefficients of Local Skin Absorbed Dose per Fluence for Monoenergetic Electrons and Positrons: An Analytical Approach

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Product

Resources

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Transfer functions for Q_A /Q_B international regulatory limits for the safe transport of radioactive materials