Photonics enabled intelligence system to identify SARS-CoV 2 mutations

Abstract

The COVID-19, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV are hazardous epidemics that have resulted in many deaths which caused a worldwide debate. Despite control efforts, SARS-CoV-2 continues to spread, and the fast spread of this highly infectious illness has posed a grave threat to global health. The effect of the SARS-CoV-2 mutation, on the other hand, has been characterized by worrying variations that modify viral characteristics in response to the changing resistance profile of the human population. The repeated transmission of virus mutation indicates that epidemics are likely to occur. Therefore, an early identification system of ongoing mutations of SARS-CoV-2 will provide essential insights for planning and avoiding future outbreaks. This article discussed the following highlights: First, comparing the omicron mutation with other variants; second, analysis and evaluation of the spread rate of the SARS-CoV 2 variations in the countries; third, identification of mutation areas in spike protein; and fourth, it discussed the photonics approaches enabled with artificial intelligence. Therefore, our goal is to identify the SARS-CoV 2 virus directly without the need for sample preparation or molecular amplification procedures. Furthermore, by connecting through the optical network, the COVID-19 test becomes a component of the Internet of healthcare things to improve precision, service efficiency, and flexibility and provide greater availability for the evaluation of the general population. Key points• A proposed framework of photonics based on AI for identifying and sorting SARS-CoV 2 mutations. • Comparative scatter rates Omicron variant and other SARS-CoV 2 variations per country.• Evaluating mutation areas in spike protein and AI enabled by photonic technologies for SARS-CoV 2 virus detection.

Exploring Trends and Opportunities in Quantum‐Enhanced Advanced Photonic Illumination Technologies

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“…investigated the novel use of physically informed ML in quantum photonics to overcome these obstacles and advance the field. [ 11–16 ]…”

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“…Furthermore, the long test periods (1-2 h) and the need for bulky equipment prevent widespread use of traditional PCR in point-of-care (POC) settings. Although new isothermal nucleic acid amplification methods have the potential to reduce test times, they are not yet as well established as traditional PCR (due to supply chain difficulties and the requirement for clinical validation) [15][16][17]. The following article discusses RNN to predict SARS-CoV-2 and other pathogenic viruses (SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV, Ebola, Dengue, and Influenza).…”

A Comparative Study of Plastic and Glass Optical Fibers for Reliable Home Networking

“…Furthermore, by focusing on the fundamental reliability components, such as timelines, operational restrictions, and integrity, the objective is to raise awareness of the importance of reliable domestic networks when deciding to select optical fibers for their home networks. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Despite the benefits of fiber optic home networks, reliability remains an important concern. Any interruption in data transmission may affect the connectivity of all devices within the network and cause inconvenience and possible financial losses.…”