Photonic RF phase modulator with harmonic up-conversion for digital microwave link applications

Photonics as an enabling technology for future microwave systems

“…Two such applications of microwave photonics relevant to fiber-wireless networks are photonic up-conversion and down-conversion. By using the optical nonlinearity of a MZM modulator in conjunction with square law photodetector, it has been shown that microwave frequencies can be either up-converted to a higher microwave frequency or down-converted to a lower microwave frequency [13].…”