We review recent progress in the development of the UTC-PD-integrated HEMT carrier frequency down-converter as an optical-to-sub-terahertz (THz)/THz carrier frequency down-converter for use in the future beyond 5G wireless networks. First, we investigate the effect of the scaling of the UTC-PD active area on the double-mixing conversion gain. We show that the conversion gain monotonically increases as the active-area size is reduced, due to the suppression of the in-plane diffusion of photoelectrons in the UTC-PD absorption layer. Second, we examine the employment of intensified, lownoise subcarrier signal input to the device enabled by an optical injection-locking technique.