Photonic Crystals for Optical Sensing: A Review

Photonic Materials for Sensing, Biosensing and Display Devices

“…In addition to PCC sensors, photonic crystals may be employed in a variety of other sensor geometries [268], such as enhanced absorption-based sensors (in which low concentrations of the analyte can be detected due to the strong overlap between the resonant field and the analyte molecules). Photonic crystals can be combined with opto-mechanical or surface-plasmon sensors as well [268].…”

Second order finite volume scheme for Maxwell's equations with discontinuous electromagnetic properties on unstructured meshes

“…Photonic crystals may be designed to possess some unusual properties such as a complete band gap. Various photonic crystal designs allow to build lossless waveguides and power dividers [18,21], optical sensors [22], filters [23,24], superlenses [25], and even metamaterials with negative index of refraction [26].…”

Bragg Fibers for Absorption-Based Sensing

“…Waveguiding characteristics of PCFs can be controlled by dimensions of air holes and core, by distances of air holes, by fiber lengths, and so forth [8,9]. This control represents the important advantage of PCFs in comparison with standard multimode or single-mode fibers and it can be employed in PCF sensors.…”

“…This control represents the important advantage of PCFs in comparison with standard multimode or single-mode fibers and it can be employed in PCF sensors. A number of physical and chemical sensors based on PCFs have been investigated as one can find in several reviews on PCF sensors [8,9]. Physical PCF sensors for monitoring strains, temperature, pressure, and so forth have been investigated.…”

“…Special sensing fibers such as D-fibers, etchedfibers, fiber tapers, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) fiber-optic sensors [2,[5][6][7] have also been developed which exhibit improved sensing performance. Recently, special types of optical fibers relying on novel physical principles such as microstructured fibers, photonic crystal fibers [8,9], and photonic band gap Bragg fibers [10][11][12][13][14] have been investigated for physical and chemical sensing.…”