Photon-echo attenuation by dynamical processes in rare-earth-ion-doped crystals

Abstract

We study the photon-echo attenuation by various dynamical processes in rare-earth-ion-doped crystals. The experimental investigations concentrate on a Pr 3ϩ :Eu 3ϩ :Nd 3ϩ codoped Y 2 SiO 5 crystal at low temperatures. Two-pulse photon-echo intensities are measured as a function of the pulse intensities when either the Pr 3ϩ or the Eu 3ϩ ions are excited. For the quantitative interpretation we consider primarily excitation-induced frequency shifts ͑EFS͒ by diagonal and off-diagonal interactions and show that for the systems under consideration EFS are dominated by diagonal interactions. The observed echo attenuation by EFS is compared with the predictions calculated from independent Stark-field measurements and reasonable agreement is obtained. The broadening by spin-ion interactions, by nonequilibrium phonons and the dependence of the echo attenuation on the frequency position in the inhomogeneously broadened band are further investigated.

Photon‐echo quantum memory in solid state systems

“…Furthermore, when RE ions are optically excited their interactions with neighbors change, introducing frequency shifts resulting in instantaneous spectral diffusion; the term excitationinduced frequency shifts is also applied [136,[144][145][146][147][148][149][150][151][152][153]. This line broadening mechanism is not familiar from other areas of optical physics.…”

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“…The problem of coinciding transition frequencies can be removed by mounting (closely spaced) electrodes on the crystal. Eu in Y 2 SiO 5 has a Stark coefficient of 35 kHz/(V/cm) [23]. Thus a 1 MV/cm field would shift the transition frequency 35 GHz, a detuning much larger than the inhomogeneous transition line width.…”

Measurement of linewidths and permanent electric dipole moment change of the Ce4f-5dtransition in Y2Yan1, Karlsson2, Rippe3 et al. 2013Phys. Rev. B252270View full textAdd to dashboardCite

“…When this happens the phases of the Pr superposition states evolve at different rates in the dephasing and rephasing periods, which cause the echo intensity to decrease depending on the magnitude of the shift and the evolution time. From the decrease of the echo signal caused by the interaction, ∆µ Ce can be calculated [25]. In the experiment, two weak Gaussian pulses, created by an AOM from a kHz line width 606 nm continuous wave dye laser, with 0.15 µs duration time (∼ 0.5 mW power) were used to excite the Pr 3 H 4 → 1 D 2 transition.…”

“…W Ce 2.8 × 10 −7 , which is estimated from the saturation intensity (shown in section II B) and integrated over the inhomogeneous line as in [25]. The excitation intensity used for the estimation is the average value over a volume with the beam radius of ρ hwhm , the half width at half maximum of the Pr excitation laser intensity, through the crystal thickness of 1 mm.…”

“…7 should be caused by the permanent dipole-dipole interaction between the Pr and Ce ions. The homogeneous line width broadening induced by the permanent dipole-dipole interaction, Γ br , relates to the ∆µ of the interacting ions in the following [25]:…”