Photon Counting Imaging with an Electron-Bombarded Pixel Image Sensor

Hirvonen, L; Suhling, Klaus

doi:10.3390/s16050617

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Thus, well over 1,000 electron-hole pairs are created by a single photon, which are further amplified in the diode, see Figure 7. One advantage of this technology is that the single gain step produces a narrow pulse height distribution [115,116], which can be used to detect photon numbers. From the timing point of view, this single gain step results in low transit time spread and therefore low timing jitter [117].…”

Section: Hybrid Detectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast Timing Techniques in FLIM Applications

Hirvonen

Suhling

2020

Front. Phys.

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Fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) is increasingly used in many scientific disciplines, including biological and medical research, materials science and chemistry. The fluorescence label is not only used to indicate its location, but also to probe its immediate environment, via its fluorescence lifetime. This allows FLIM to monitor and image the cellular microenvironment including the interaction between proteins in their natural environment. It does so with high specificity and sensitivity in a non-destructive and minimally invasive manner, providing both structural and functional information. Time-Correlated Single Photon Counting (TCSPC) is a popular, widely used, robust and mature method to perform FLIM measurements. It is a sensitive, accurate and precise method of measuring photon arrival times after an excitation pulse, with the arrival times not affected by photobleaching, excitation or fluorescence intensity fluctuations. It has a very large dynamic range, and only needs a low illumination intensity. Different methods have been developed to advance fast and accurate timing of photon arrival. In this review a brief history of the development of these methods is given, and their merits are discussed in the context of their applications in FLIM.

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Section: Hybrid Detectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast Timing Techniques in FLIM Applications

Hirvonen

Suhling

2020

Front. Phys.

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“…Single photon detection is also possible with electron-bombarded (EB) sensors, where the photoelectrons from the photocathode are accelerated directly into a CCD or CMOS sensor [62], [63], [64], [65], [66]. Unlike MCPs where the statistical electron multiplication process creates a broad pulse height distribution, in EB sensors the photon event brightness depends on the gain voltage.…”

Section: Wide-field Time-correlated Single Photon Counting Imaging Tementioning

confidence: 99%

Wide-field time-correlated single photon counting-based fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy

Suhling

Hirvonen

Becker

et al. 2019

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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Wide-field time-correlated single photon counting detection techniques, where the position and the arrival time of the photons are recorded simultaneously using a camera, have made some advances recently. The technology and instrumentation used for this approach is employed in areas such as nuclear science, mass spectroscopy and positron emission tomography, but here, we discuss some of the wide-field TCSPC methods, for applications in fluorescence microscopy. We describe work by us and others as presented in the Ulitima fast imaging and tracking conference at the Argonne National Laboratory in September 2018, from phosphorescence lifetime imaging (PLIM) microscopy on the microsecond time scale to fluorescence lifetime imaging ( FLIM) on the nanosecond time scale, and highlight some applications of these techniques.

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“…The key issue of MAPS radiation detection is to study its response characteristics to rays or particles. Experiments have confirmed that MAPS is sensitive to single ionized particles and generates radiation-responsive events in pixel arrays [ 7 , 8 ]. Different particles, such as X-rays, γ photons, and α and β particles, show its specific size and shape of typical response events in a frame [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strong Radiation Field Online Detection and Monitoring System with Camera

Han

Liu

et al. 2022

Sensors

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Herein, we report the γ-ray ionizing radiation response of a commercial monolithic active-pixel sensor (MAPS) camera under strong-dose-rate irradiation with an online detection and monitoring system for strong radiation conditions. We present the first results of the distribution of three types of MAPS camera and establish a linear relationship between the average response signal and radiation dose rate in the strong-dose-rate range. There is an obvious response signal in the video frames when the camera module parameters are set to automatic, but the linear response is very poor. However, the fixed image parameters are not good at adapting to the changes of the environment and affect the quality of the video frames. A dual module online radiation detection and monitoring probe was made to carry out effective video monitoring and radiation detection at the same time. The measurement results show that the dose rate detection error is less than 5% with a dose rate in the range of 60 to 425 Gy/h, and the visible light image does not have obvious distortion, deformation, or color shift due to the interference of the radiation response event and radiation damage. Hence, the system test results show that it can be used for online detection and monitoring in a strong radiation environment.

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Photon Counting Imaging with an Electron-Bombarded Pixel Image Sensor

Cited by 18 publications

References 73 publications

Fast Timing Techniques in FLIM Applications

Fast Timing Techniques in FLIM Applications

Wide-field time-correlated single photon counting-based fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy

Strong Radiation Field Online Detection and Monitoring System with Camera

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