We measured circular dichroism in resonant x-ray scattering 3d n ! 2p 5 3d n11 ! 3s 1 3d n11 with incidence perpendicular to the magnetization where the absorption dichroism vanishes. The advantages of photon scattering over other techniques make it possible to study a wide range of materials. The Ni L 3 dichroism in NiFe 2 O 4 is ͑28 6 5͒% in agreement with a localized model. In the metal Co the dichroism is reduced to ͑10.4 6 1͒% ͑L 3 ͒ and ͑6.8 6 1.5͒% (7.5 eV above L 3 ), indicating a large sensitivity to the nature of the valence states despite the fact that this spectroscopy is based on inner shell transitions. [S0031-9007(99)08431-8] PACS numbers: 78.70.En, 78.70.Ck, 78.70.Dm In recent years there has been a considerable effort in circular x-ray dichroism on magnetic materials [1], which provides important, and in many aspects unique, information especially by the use of the sum rules [2]. Much of this effort has been devoted to dichroism in x-ray absorption exploiting the difference in the number of the created core holes for parallel and antiparallel alignment of the magnetization and helicity vector of the incident light. The charge distribution of the excited core hole is not only characterized by its integral which is proportional to the absorption but also by its spatial distribution which is in general not spherical. Information on the deviation from the spherical symmetry, i.e., on the core hole polarization can be obtained from the angular dependence of the particles emitted by the decay of the core hole [3,4]. Since this deviation is directly connected to the ground state properties by the optical transition matrix elements of the absorption process, important information about the material properties is laying dormant in the angular emission when only absorption is measured. The dichroism in absorption vanishes when the incident light is perpendicular to the magnetization, i.e., in the socalled "forbidden" geometry. Let us consider the plane defined by the incident beam and by the emitted products detected in the experiment, with the magnetization in this plane (coplanar perpendicular geometry hereafter referred to as "perpendicular"). The detection breaks the mirror symmetry of the system, and one obtains information on the nonspherical part of the core hole distribution. So far this approach has been used only in experiments based on electron emission [3,5]. The possibility of detecting emitted photons has never been explored. The aim of the present Letter is not only to show that this is feasible but to present original results in this field. We concentrate on 3d TM systems, and we use the inner shell excitation of the type 3d n ! 2p 5 3d n11 ! 3s 1 3d n11 (i.e., final state with a 3s hole due to the filling of the intermediate 2p core hole state) which is an example of resonant Raman scattering (RRS). In Ni the L 3 excitation is around 853 eV and the Raman photons are around 742 eV; in the metal Co the energies are 778 and 677 eV, respectively. Perpendicular RRS (PRRS) has the potential t...