Photoluminescence Properties of Aryl‐, Arylvinyl‐, and Arylethynylpyrimidine Derivatives

Abstract

The extraordinary richness of push-pull molecules that incorporate pyrimidine rings as electron-withdrawing moieties in their structure is illustrated in this review. Interest in these pextended systems has increased dramatically over the last two decades due to their fluorescence properties and potential applications in sensing and as luminescent materials. As many as 422 different molecules are presented in an effort to establish structure-property relationships, which are often difficult to elucidate.[a] Dr.

New 2,3‐Bis(5‐arylthiophen‐2‐yl)quinoxaline Derivatives: Synthesis and Photophysical Properties

“…Quinoxaline is a highly π‐deficient aromatic heterocycle and can be used as electron‐attracting unit in such systems. Moreover, the presence of nitrogen atoms with lone electron pairs in the 1,4‐diazine ring leads to protonation with acid, what is particularly important, because one of the main uses of diazine and benzodiazine derivatives are related to sensing applications …”

Electron‐Withdrawing Substituted Quinazoline Push‐Pull Chromophores: Synthesis, Electrochemical, Photophysical and Second‐Order Nonlinear Optical Properties

“…The pyrimidinyl (1,3‐diazinyl) fragment has been widely used as electron‐deficient part in push‐pull structures . The luminescence properties of pyrimidine fluorophores are highly sensible to external stimuli and have been used as sensors of polarity, pH,[14b], [14c] metal cations and nitrogen explosives .…”

“…On the contrary, quinazoline (benzopyrimidine) chromophores have been studied only recently. [13a], [13b], Some of these compounds exhibit strong luminescence properties . The quinazolinyl moiety can be considered as stronger electron‐withdrawing part than the corresponding pyrimidinyl group due to the possibility of extra electron delocalization into the fused benzene ring.…”

“…Stronger ICT in quinazoline chromophores is illustrated by red‐shifted absorption and emission with regards to their pyrimidine analogues. [13b], [24c] To the best of our knowledge, quinazoline chromophores have not been studied for their NLO properties so far, and, therefore, we report herein designed of a series of quinazoline push‐pull chromophores 1–3 (Figure ). In these structures, the electron‐withdrawing character of the quinazoline ring is reinforced by cyano and trifluoromethyl substituents.…”

The Solvatofluorochromism of 2,4,6‐Triarylpyrimidine Derivatives

“…In a series of papers, Achelle et al . have synthesized and described the optical properties of a variety of fluorescent diazines of general formula A– π –D in homogeneous media , arriving at general structure‐activity relationships for these compounds .…”