Photoionized plasmas created by soft x-ray laser irradiation of solid targets

Soft x-ray free electron laser microfocus for exploring matter under extreme conditions

“…5 indicate that the WF distortions are smaller than λ/15 and that the size of the spot in the focus is smaller than 0.35 µm FWHM. For a comparison, the focusing of the plasma-based soft X-ray laser beams provides irradiances that do not exceed 10 12 W/cm 2 [13][14][15][16]. This intensity limit is strictly given in particular by the focal spot diameter of several tens of micrometers and the pulse duration ranging for the plasma lasers from picosecond [14] to nanosecond [16].…”

“…For a comparison, the focusing of the plasma-based soft X-ray laser beams provides irradiances that do not exceed 10 12 W/cm 2 [13][14][15][16]. This intensity limit is strictly given in particular by the focal spot diameter of several tens of micrometers and the pulse duration ranging for the plasma lasers from picosecond [14] to nanosecond [16]. The above-described combination of femtosecond pulses emitted by the free-electron laser and the submicron focal spot size makes it possible to achieve intensities for at least four orders of magnitude higher.…”

MiniApps derived from production HPC applications using multiple programing models

“…The XRayTrace MiniApp represents the primary computational component for a 3D coupled atomic-physics/ray-propagation code used to simulate ASE (Amplified Spontaneous Emission) and seeded X-ray lasers (Berrill, 2010; Wang et al, 2008). The MiniApp was developed to test new ideas and programing models in a lightweight application that perfectly mirrors the behavior of the ray propagation kernel in the full application.…”