Photoinhibition and Photoprotection under Nutrient Deficiencies, Drought and Salinity

Morales, Fermı́n; Abadía, A.; AbadÞa, Javier

doi:10.1007/1-4020-3579-9_6

Cited by 57 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 179 publications

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“…In fact, the photochemical efficiency of PSII measured after the darkening period (Fv/Fm) remained almost constantly close to 0.8, the maximum value recorded under optimal environmental conditions for most plant species [44][45][46]. Signs of photoinhibition can be observed when Fv/Fm declines and thus a decrease of the photochemical efficiency of PSII, called the 'down-regulation of photochemistry', occurs, revealing permanent photoinhibition [47][48][49]. Furthermore, the increase in NPQ provides protection against damage by excessive energy, in agreement with previous studies on grapes [40], pepper [50] and Amur grapes (Vitis Amurensis Rupr.)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Estimation of Water Stress in Grapevines Using Proximal and Remote Sensing Methods

et al. 2018

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Abstract:In light of climate change and its impacts on plant physiology, optimizing water usage and improving irrigation practices play a crucial role in crop management. In recent years, new optical remote sensing techniques have become widespread since they allow a non-invasive evaluation of plant water stress dynamics in a timely manner. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) currently represent one of the most advanced platforms for remote sensing applications. In this study, remote and proximal sensing measurements were compared with plant physiological variables, with the aim of testing innovative services and support systems to farmers for optimizing irrigation practices and scheduling. The experiment, conducted in two vineyards located in Sardinia, Italy, consisted of two regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) treatments and two reference treatments maintained under stress and well-watered conditions. Indicators of crop water status (Crop Water Stress Index-CWSI-and linear thermal index) were calculated from UAV images and ground infrared thermal images and then related to physiological measurements. The CWSI values for moderate water deficit (RDI-1) were 0.72, 0.28 and 0.43 for 'Vermentino', 'Cabernet' and 'Cagnulari' respectively, while for severe (RDI-2) water deficit the values were 0.90, 0.34 and 0.51. The highest differences for net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and stomatal conductance (Gs) between RDI-1 and RDI-2 were observed in 'Vermentino'. The highest significant correlations were found between CWSI with Pn (R = −0.80), with Φ PSII (R = −0.49) and with Fv'/Fm' (R = −0.48) on 'Cagnulari', while a unique significant correlation between CWSI and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) (R = 0.47) was found on 'Vermentino'. Pn, as well as the efficiency of light use by the photosystem II (PSII), declined under stress conditions and when CWSI values increased. Under the experimental water stress conditions, grapevines were able to recover their efficiency during the night, activating a photosynthetic protection mechanism such as thermal energy dissipation (NPQ) to prevent irreversible damage to the photosystem. The results presented here demonstrate that CWSI values derived from remote and proximal sensors could be valuable indicators for the assessment of the spatial variability of crop water status in Mediterranean vineyards.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Estimation of Water Stress in Grapevines Using Proximal and Remote Sensing Methods

et al. 2018

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“…Most previous observations indicate that drought induces the reduction in pigment contents and the alteration of their composition (Jaleel et al 2009;França et al 2012;Batra et al 2014;Maksup et al 2014). However, some crop species, such as barley, coffee, grapevine, and others, maintain a high leaf chlorophyll content under water stress, despite having a decreased photosynthetic capacity (Morales et al 2006 photosynthetic products that may be harmful to PSII (França et al 2012). Therefore, increased chlorophyll contents, as indicated by mSR705 and chlNDI, seem to suggest that additional photoprotective mechanisms may exist in castor bean plants under RDWC.…”

Section: Effects Of Rdwc On Chlorophyll a Fluorescence In Two Cultivamentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The effects of water stress on the pigment contents are highly species dependent (Morales et al 2006). Most previous observations indicate that drought induces the reduction in pigment contents and the alteration of their composition (Jaleel et al 2009;França et al 2012;Batra et al 2014;Maksup et al 2014).…”

Section: Effects Of Rdwc On Chlorophyll a Fluorescence In Two Cultivamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In C3 plants, both F v /F m and ΦPSII are usually unaffected by mild drought stress (Dias & Brüggemann 2010). Moreover, some species have been reported to die under intense drought with unaltered F v /F m (Morales et al 2006;Peguero-Pina et al 2009;Vilagrosa et al 2010). The results of repeated measures ANOVA indicated that F v /F m was similar between the two cultivars (F = 0.602, p = 0.447), while it shows a slight but significant increase (F = 11.2, p < 0.01) in RDWC treatment compared with the control (Figure 3A suggests that the photosynthetic electron transport was not blocked by drought.…”

Section: Effects Of Rdwc On Chlorophyll a Fluorescence In Two Cultivamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photosynthetic responses and acclimation of two castor bean cultivars to repeated drying–wetting cycles

Shi

Fei

Liu

et al. 2014

Journal of Plant Interactions

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To investigate the responses of castor bean to repeated drying-wetting cycles (RDWC), morpho-physiological parameters of two cultivars (Jiaxiang 2 and Hangbi 8) were determined by a pot experiment under well-watered control and RDWC. RDWC inhibited plant growth and leaf development, decreased water loss rate (WLR), and enhanced leaf mass per area (LMA) and chlorophyll content as indicated by spectral reflectance indices for both cultivars. Photosynthesis was inhibited by progressive drought stress but quickly recovered after rewatering for each cycle. Both cultivars exhibit a similar pattern of acclimation to RDWC: (1) higher LMA and lower WLR, (2) increased photosynthetic capacity under drought stress with increasing cycle numbers, (3) quick recovery and over-compensation for photosynthesis after rewatering, and (4) increased chlorophyll content. Jiaxiang 2 shows a high capacity for water preservation under drought stress and an over-compensation for photosynthesis after rewatering compared with Hangbi 8.

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“…Specifically, photosystem II (PSII) functionality, photosynthetic pigment composition, cell membrane integrity, and protein stability play an important role in cell resistance to drought stress at symplastic level. Thus, under intense drought and temperature stresses, energy dissipation mechanisms could be promoted, mediated by changes in the de-epoxidation state of the xanthophyll cycle (Morales et al 2006) and/or photoinhibition in the photosynthetic apparatus of water-stressed leaves (Demmig-Adams and Adams 2006). Moreover, many phospholipids of biological membranes undergo phase transitions and membrane fusions that are disruptive to membrane structure and function.…”

Section: Coordination Of Processes Between Cavitation and Cell And Lementioning

confidence: 99%

Xylem Cavitation and Embolism in Plants Living in Water-Limited Ecosystems

Vilagrosa

Chirino

Peguero‐Pina

et al. 2012

Plant Responses to Drought Stress

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Water deficit is considered the main limiting factor for the establishment, survival, and growth of plants mainly in water-limited ecosystems. Plants have evolved a wide range of morphologic and functional mechanisms to adapt to arid environments. However, if the tension in the xylem conduits becomes too high, thus xylem cavitation can occur i.e., water column breakage. This results in the hydraulic disconnection of leaves and above-ground parts from roots because xylem conduits are filled with air and water vapor, and this phenomenon is called embolism. Therefore, the resistance of the xylem to cavitation and embolism is of paramount importance for plant functioning. In this chapter, we will review the role of plant hydraulics and xylem cavitation in the context of water-limited ecosystems and their relationship with other plant functional traits and with survival capacity. These topics will be analyzed and discussed on the basis of current knowledge and our research experiences.

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Photoinhibition and Photoprotection under Nutrient Deficiencies, Drought and Salinity

Cited by 57 publications

References 179 publications

Estimation of Water Stress in Grapevines Using Proximal and Remote Sensing Methods

Estimation of Water Stress in Grapevines Using Proximal and Remote Sensing Methods

Photosynthetic responses and acclimation of two castor bean cultivars to repeated drying–wetting cycles

Xylem Cavitation and Embolism in Plants Living in Water-Limited Ecosystems

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