“…In photothermal systems, the light energy converts to the heat which triggers a mechanical energy. Through dispersion of absorbing fillers or dyes in a polymeric matrix, coating the polymer surface with absorbent materials, or using intrinsic absorption of the base material, photothermal actuation can be initiated [255]. In photochemical mechanisms, light-sensitive groups get involved into reactions such as photodimerization or photoisomerization and generate a mechanical force to drive the shape changing phenomena.…”