Photoinduced Iron-Catalyzed Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization with ppm Levels of Iron Catalyst under Blue Light Irradiation

Dadashi‐Silab, Sajjad; Pan, Xiangcheng; Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof

doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01708

Cited by 74 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 80 publications

(97 reference statements)

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“…Therefore, the enhanced polymerization can be related to the electron-donating ability of the phosphine-based ligands in ATRP. In addition, similar behavior was observed in photoinduced iron-catalyzed ATRP in the presence of triphenylphosphine ligands where better control over polymerization was achieved in the presence of ligands with more electron donating properties, indicating increased activity of the iron catalyst applied in the ppm levels under blue light irradiation [81].…”

Section: Phosphorus-based Ligandssupporting

confidence: 62%

Iron Catalysts in Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization

Dadashi‐Silab

Matyjaszewski

2020

Molecules

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Catalysts are essential for mediating a controlled polymerization in atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Copper-based catalysts are widely explored in ATRP and are highly efficient, leading to well-controlled polymerization of a variety of functional monomers. In addition to copper, iron-based complexes offer new opportunities in ATRP catalysis to develop environmentally friendly, less toxic, inexpensive, and abundant catalytic systems. Despite the high efficiency of iron catalysts in controlling polymerization of various monomers including methacrylates and styrene, ATRP of acrylate-based monomers by iron catalysts still remains a challenge. In this paper, we review the fundamentals and recent advances of iron-catalyzed ATRP focusing on development of ligands, catalyst design, and techniques used for iron catalysis in ATRP.

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Section: Phosphorus-based Ligandssupporting

confidence: 62%

Iron Catalysts in Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization

Dadashi‐Silab

Matyjaszewski

2020

Molecules

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“…Low ppm Fe ATRP systems were also successfully developed . Iron halide complexes have been extensively explored in photo ATRP of MMA; they did not require any additional additive or reducing agent, and exhibited some of the best control in all Fe‐mediated ATRP systems …”

Section: Ru‐ and Fe‐based Atrp Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization: Billion Times More Active Catalysts and New Initiation Systems

Ribelli

Lorandi

Fantin

et al. 2018

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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219

184

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polymerizing styrene in the presence of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl (TEMPO) radicals. [10] Later, Wayland et al. used a cobalt(II) porphyrin complex to reversibly trap radical species during the polymerization of acrylate monomers, which showed living features: i) linear increase of polymer MW with monomer conversion, and ii) narrow MWD. [11] These techniques set the basis for the development of nitroxide-mediated polymerization (NMP) [12,13] and organometallic mediated radical polymerization (OMRP). [14][15][16] Within the past three decades, controlled radical polymerization (CRP) has been established as a new field in polymer chemistry, in which exceptional control was achieved over polymer architectures, thus enabling the preparation of commercially relevant polymer-based materials for advanced applications. Following IUPAC recommendations, CRP should be termed as reversible deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP). [17] Besides the aforementioned NMP and OMRP, the most affirmed RDRPs are atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) [18][19][20] and reversible additionfragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. [21] RDRP ensures comparable degree of control as living ionic polymerization, while retaining the versatility and the scope of conventional radical polymerization. The fraction of terminated chains in RDRP is small, typically below a few mol%. Polymers and copolymers prepared by RDRP methods can have defined topologies (stars, brushes, networks, combs), compositions (block, gradient, graft, alternate) and chain-end functionalities. [22] This review will focus on ATRP, with particular attention to the design and application of progressively more active and selective copper-based catalysts, and the development of novel, more benign initiation systems. The correlation between the structure of Cu complexes and their catalytic activity will be discussed in detail, also taking into account the effect of solvent and, when present, surfactants and other additives. Mechanisms of Reversible Deactivation Radical Polymerization ProcessesThe core of all RDRP systems is the increase of chain lifetime by reversibly deactivating the propagating radical species, thus forming dormant species that can be subsequently reactivated. As opposed to conventional RP in which the 25 Years of ATRP Approaching 25 years since its invention, atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) is established as a powerful technique to prepare precisely defined polymeric materials. This perspective focuses on the relation between structure and activity of ATRP catalysts, and the consequent choice of the initiating system, which are paramount aspects to well-controlled polymerizations. The ATRP mechanism is discussed, including the effect of kinetic and thermodynamic parameters and side reactions affecting the catalyst. The coordination chemistry and activity of copper complexes used in ATRP are reviewed in chronological order, while emphasizing the structure-activity correlation. ATRP-initiating systems are described, from ...

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“…A variety of other visible light induced photopolymerization systems have been developed for activation under longer wavelength irradiation . For instance, Matyjaszewski and co‐workers investigated the use of FeBr 3 as a catalyst capable of controlling ATRP under blue (450 nm) and green (520 nm) light, with faster polymerization rates achieved using blue light . Jin and co‐workers also utilized blue light (470 nm) to excite photoacid generators for cationic polymerizations, while the use of anthraquinone derivatives such as oil blue N (OBN) has allowed cationic polymerization through red light (635 nm) irradiation .…”

Section: Extrinsic Polymerization Control With Lightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seeing the Light: Advancing Materials Chemistry through Photopolymerization

et al. 2019

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The application of photochemistry to polymer and material science has led to the development of complex yet efficient systems for polymerization, polymer post‐functionalization, and advanced materials production. Using light to activate chemical reaction pathways in these systems not only leads to exquisite control over reaction dynamics, but also allows complex synthetic protocols to be easily achieved. Compared to polymerization systems mediated by thermal, chemical, or electrochemical means, photoinduced polymerization systems can potentially offer more versatile methods for macromolecular synthesis. We highlight the utility of light as an energy source for mediating photopolymerization, and present some promising examples of systems which are advancing materials production through their exploitation of photochemistry.

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Photoinduced Iron-Catalyzed Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization with ppm Levels of Iron Catalyst under Blue Light Irradiation

Cited by 74 publications

References 80 publications

Iron Catalysts in Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization

Iron Catalysts in Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization

Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization: Billion Times More Active Catalysts and New Initiation Systems

Seeing the Light: Advancing Materials Chemistry through Photopolymerization

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