Photoinduced electron doping of single-walled carbon nanotubes based on carboxamide photochemical reactions

Abstract

1,3-Dimethyl-2-arylbenzimidazole (DMBI) derivatives act as good electron dopants for semiconductors and form DMBI cations (DMBI+). However, in the presence of oxygen, inactive oxygen adducts (DMBI-Ox) are produced by the reaction...

Synergistic Interactions in Sequential Process Doping of Polymer/Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposites for Enhanced n‐Type Thermoelectric Performance

“…[26,27] However, several viable methods have been developed to transform CNTs into n-type thermoelectric materials, including ionic doping using polyelectrolyte dispersion agents or ionic liquids, [28][29][30] or treatment with reducing agents such as hydrazine, [31,32] calcium hydride, [33] or sodium borohydride, [34] or with aminecontaining organic molecules such as polyethylenimine, [17] diethylenetriamine, [33,35] and 4-(2,3-dihydro-1,3-dimethyl-1Hbenzimidazol-2-yl)-N,N-dimethylbenzenamine (N-DMBI). [36,37] In particular, the small molecule N-DMBI stands out due to its compatibility with both conjugated polymers and SWC-NTs, which enables the simultaneous doping of the polymer and SWCNT components of the hybrid nanocomposite with N-DMBI to obtain remarkable n-type thermoelectric performance. [38][39][40] For example, Yin et al demonstrated the synergistic effect between the host material and dopant in enhancing the N-DMBI doping of 4,9-dihydro-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b′] dithiophene-cored molecule/SWCNT composites, resulting in exceptional n-type performance with a power factor of up to 212.8 μW m −1 K −2 .…”

Photolithographic p–n patterning of single-walled carbon nanotube sheets using photobase generators

“…These findings suggest that PBG1-based photoinduced doping is more efficient than previous methods using DMBI-Ox, which does not proceed in SWCNTs thicker than 7 μm. 36…”

“…A temperature gradient was generated in the in-plane direction of the planar SWCNT-based TEGs by limiting the heating area to the p-n boundaries. 23,36 Copper rods were attached as thermal conductors at the p-n boundaries, while the other areas were insulated with a thermal insulating sheet (Fig. 6a).…”

“…1e). 36 This method does not require any patterning of the dopant molecules but easily fabricates p–n patterns in arbitrary design without damaging the SWCNT structure. However, in this system, both an unirradiated p-type area and an irradiated n-type area faced the stability issue; namely, the p-type area turned to n-type upon heating due to thermal activation of DMBI-Ox (Fig.…”

Photopolymerization activated by photobase generators and applications: from photolithography to high-quality photoresists

“…95 successfully fabricated the SWCNT sheets with p-n patterns by utilizing PBG, 2-(9-oxoxanthen-2-yl)propionic acid 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene salt, as a photoinduced electron dopant. Here, half of PBG-doped SWCNT sheet ( p-type) was covered by an aluminum foil photomask and converted to…”