Photogeneration of reactive transient species upon irradiation of natural water samples: Formation quantum yields in different spectral intervals, and implications for the photochemistry of surface waters

Marchisio, A.; Minella, Marco; Maurino, Valter; Minero, Claudio; Vione, Davide

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2015.01.016

Cited by 76 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(84 reference statements)

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“…32 Among the most reactive phenols (with respect to photosensitization by CDOM), TMP and 3,4-dimethoxyphenol were proposed as PCs for 3 CDOM * . 63 TMP has later been used in various studies, 18,39,60,80,[88][89][90][91][92] mainly at low concentrations suitable to quantify [ 3 CDOM * ]ss (see equations 4 and 5) and in some cases 447 also at higher concentrations to quench 3 CDOM * . 39, 60,88 Compared to other organic contaminants susceptible to transformation by 3 CDOM * , TMP not only has a very high 449 reactivity, but is also unaffected by the adverse inhibition side-effect ascribed to antioxidant 450 moieties of CDOM.…”

Section: Measurement Of 3 Cdom*mentioning

confidence: 99%

Probe Compounds to Assess the Photochemical Activity of Dissolved Organic Matter

Rosario‐Ortiz

Canonica

2016

Environ. Sci. Technol.

237

201

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The photochemical properties of dissolved organic matter (DOM) have been of interest to scientists and engineers since the 1970s. Upon light absorption, chromophoric DOM (CDOM) can sensitize the formation of different short-lived reactive intermediates (RIs), including hydroxyl radical (OH), singlet oxygen (O) and superoxide radical anion (O). In addition, a fraction of the excited singlet states in CDOM decays into excited triplet states (CDOM*), which are also important photochemical transients in environmental systems. These RIs have a significant impact on different processes in sunlit waters, including degradation of organic contaminants and the inactivation of pathogens. Due to their transient nature and low steady-state concentrations, the use of common analytical techniques for the direct measurement of these species is impractical. Therefore, specific probe compounds (PCs) are used. PCs include furfuryl alcohol for O, and terephthalic acid for OH. In this publication, we present a critical review of the use of PCs for the assessment of the formation of photochemically generated RIs. We first introduce the concept of a PC, including the kinetic treatment and necessary assumptions needed to conduct a specific measurement. Afterward, we present short overviews of the most studied RIs and review relevant issues regarding the use of specific PCs for their measurement. We finalize by offering recommendations regarding the use of PCs in environmental photochemistry.

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Section: Measurement Of 3 Cdom*mentioning

confidence: 99%

Probe Compounds to Assess the Photochemical Activity of Dissolved Organic Matter

Rosario‐Ortiz

Canonica

2016

Environ. Sci. Technol.

237

201

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“…The lamp spectrum was normalized to the results of chemical actinometry with 4-nitrobenzaldehyde. The followed procedure is described in detail by Marchisio et al (2015).…”

Section: Direct Photolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of direct photolysis and indirect photochemistry in the environmental fate of ethylhexyl methoxy cinnamate (EHMC) in surface waters

Vione

Calza

Galli

et al. 2015

Science of The Total Environment

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“…The main assumption here was to consider a uniform, average behavior of (C)DOM as both PPRIs photosensitizer and scavenger. Indeed, although the (C)DOM type depends upon its source and the transformation processes it has undergone [71], variation of the (C)DOM photochemical properties could be less important than the natural environmental variability might suggest [72]. When available, nitrate ( Figure S3) and nitrite concentrations data were used to compute HO • and CO 3…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping the Photochemistry of European Mid-Latitudes Rivers: An Assessment of Their Ability to Photodegrade Contaminants

Carena

Vione

2020

Molecules

Self Cite

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The abiotic photochemical reactions that take place naturally in sunlit surface waters can degrade many contaminants that pose concern to water bodies for their potentially toxic and long-term effects. This works aims at assessing the ability of European rivers to photoproduce reactive transient intermediates, such as HO• radicals and the excited triplet states of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (3CDOM*), involved in pollutant degradation. A photochemical mapping of the steady-state concentrations of these transients was carried out by means of a suitable modeling tool, in the latitude belt between 40 and 50°N. Such a map allowed for the prediction of the photochemical lifetimes of the phenylurea herbicide isoproturon (mostly undergoing photodegradation upon reaction with HO• and especially 3CDOM*) across different European countries. For some rivers, a more extensive dataset was available spanning the years 1990–2002, which allowed for the computation of the steady-state concentration of the carbonate radicals (CO3•−). With these data, it was possible to assess the time trends of the photochemical half-lives of further contaminants (atrazine, ibuprofen, carbamazepine, and clofibric acid). The calculated lifetimes were in the range of days to weeks, which might or might not allow for efficient depollution depending on the river-water flow velocity.

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Photogeneration of reactive transient species upon irradiation of natural water samples: Formation quantum yields in different spectral intervals, and implications for the photochemistry of surface waters

Cited by 76 publications

References 57 publications

Probe Compounds to Assess the Photochemical Activity of Dissolved Organic Matter

Probe Compounds to Assess the Photochemical Activity of Dissolved Organic Matter

The role of direct photolysis and indirect photochemistry in the environmental fate of ethylhexyl methoxy cinnamate (EHMC) in surface waters

Mapping the Photochemistry of European Mid-Latitudes Rivers: An Assessment of Their Ability to Photodegrade Contaminants

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