Photofragmentation two‐photon laser‐induced fluorescence detection of NO2 and NO: Comparison of measurements with model results based on airborne observations during PEM‐Tropics A

Bradshaw, J. D.; Davis, Douglas D.; Crawford, J. H.; Chen, G.; Shetter, R. E.; Müller, Martin; Gregory, G. L.; Sachse, G. W.; Blake, D. R.; Heikes, Brian G.; Singh, H. B.; Mastromarino, J.; Sandholm, S. T.

doi:10.1029/1999gl900015

Cited by 65 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(16 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Crawford et al, 1996). Additionally, it is consistent with the improvement between upper tropospheric measured and modeled NO 2 observed by Bradshaw et al (1999) between the 1991 PEM-West-A experiment and 1996 PEMTropics-A experiment when the inlet was redesigned to decrease the residence time to 40 ms (from 2 s). Here we focus on CH 3 O 2 NO 2 and its behavior in the LIF instrument as it was configured during ARCTAS.…”

Section: Observational Evidence Of Ch O 2 Nosupporting

confidence: 73%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Global and regional effects of the photochemistry of CH3O2NO2: evidence from ARCTAS

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Using measurements from the NASA Arctic Research of the Composition of the Troposphere from Aircraft and Satellites (ARCTAS) experiment, we show that methyl peroxy nitrate (CH 3 O 2 NO 2 ) is present in concentrations of ∼5-15 pptv in the springtime arctic upper troposphere. We investigate the regional and global effects of CH 3 O 2 NO 2 by including its chemistry in the GEOS-Chem 3-D global chemical transport model. We find that at temperatures below 240 K inclusion of CH 3 O 2 NO 2 chemistry results in decreases of up to ∼20 % in NO x , ∼20 % in N 2 O 5 , ∼5 % in HNO 3 , ∼2 % in ozone, and increases in methyl hydrogen peroxide of up to ∼14 %. Larger changes are observed in biomass burning plumes lofted to high altitude. Additionally, by sequestering NO x at low temperatures, CH 3 O 2 NO 2 decreases the cycling of HO 2 to OH, resulting in a larger upper tropospheric HO 2 to OH ratio. These results may impact some estimates of lightning NO x sources as well as help explain differences between models and measurements of upper tropospheric composition.

show abstract

Section: Observational Evidence Of Ch O 2 Nosupporting

confidence: 73%

“…Bradshaw et al, 1999), or some combination thereof, it is possible for future inlet designs for upper tropospheric NO 2 measurements to minimize the interference of CH 3 O 2 NO 2 . In the TD-LIF system this would enable detection of CH 3 O 2 NO 2 solely in the peroxy nitrates channel.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global and regional effects of the photochemistry of CH3O2NO2: evidence from ARCTAS

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…NO and NO 2 are together referred to as NO x because NO reacts in the atmosphere quickly with O 3 to form NO 2 and equilibrium with respect to photodissociation of NO 2 is reached after a few minutes, while the sum of both species remains essentially unchanged (Bradshaw et al, 1999). Collectively, all reactive odd nitrogen or fixed nitrogen is denoted as NO y , which is any N-O combination except the very stable N 2 O, i.e.…”

Section: No X Sources Sinks and Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The global lightning-induced nitrogen oxides source

2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The knowledge of the lightning-induced nitrogen oxides (LNO x ) source is important for understanding and predicting the nitrogen oxides and ozone distributions in the troposphere and their trends, the oxidising capacity of the atmosphere, and the lifetime of trace gases destroyed by reactions with OH. This knowledge is further required for the assessment of other important NO x sources, in particular from aviation emissions, the stratosphere, and from surface sources, and for understanding the possible feedback between climate changes and lightning. This paper reviews more than 3 decades of research. The review includes laboratory studies as well as surface, airborne and satellite-based observations of lightning and of NO x and related species in the atmosphere. Relevant data available from measurements in regions with strong LNO x influence are identified, including recent observations at midlatitudes and over tropical continents where most lightning occurs. Various methods to model LNO x at cloud scales or globally are described. Previous estimates are re-evaluated using the global annual mean flash frequency of 44±5 s −1 reported from OTD satellite data. From the review, mainly of airborne measurements near thunderstorms and cloud-resolving models, we conclude that a "typical" thunderstorm flash produces 15 (2-40)×10 25 NO molecules per flash, equivalent to 250 mol NO x or 3.5 kg of N mass per flash with uncertainty factor from 0.13 to 2.7. Mainly as a result of global model studies for various LNO x parameterisations tested with related observations, the best estimate of the annual global LNO x nitrogen mass source and its uncertainty range is (5±3) Tg a −1 in this study. In spite of a smaller global flash rate, the best estimate is essentially the same as in some earlier reviews, implying larger flash-specific NO x emissions. The paper estimates the LNO x accuracy required for various applications and lays out strategies for improving estimates in the future. An accuracy of Correspondence to: U. Schumann (ulrich.schumann@dlr.de) about 1 Tg a −1 or 20%, as necessary in particular for understanding tropical tropospheric chemistry, is still a challenging goal.

show abstract

“…From these campaigns, most φ values were close to 0.71, but that for PEM-West A (0.30) was significantly lower in comparison. The cause for the significantly large deviation from the PSS in PEMWest A was suggested to be interference in the NO 2 measurement and this possibility stimulated improvements to the measurement technique during PEM-Tropics A (Bradshaw et al, 1999).…”

Section: Photostationary State Analysis Of No-no 2 Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of the NO-NO2-O3 system in different chemical regimes during the MIRAGE-Mex field campaign

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The NO-NO2 system was analyzed in different chemical regimes/air masses based on observations of reactive nitrogen species and peroxy radicals made during the intensive field campaign MIRAGE-Mex (4 to 29 March 2006). The air masses were categorized into 5 groups based on combinations of macroscopic observations, geographical location, meteorological parameters, models, and observations of trace gases: boundary layer (labeled as "BL"), biomass burning ("BB"), free troposphere (continental, "FTCO" and marine, "FTMA"), and Tula industrial complex ("TIC"). In general, NO2/NO ratios in different air masses are near photostationary state. Analysis of this ratio can be useful for testing current understanding of tropospheric chemistry. The ozone production efficiency (OPE) for the 5 air mass categories ranged from 4.5 (TIC) to 8.5 (FTMA), consistent with photochemical aging of air masses exiting the Mexico City Metropolitan Area.

show abstract

Photofragmentation two‐photon laser‐induced fluorescence detection of NO₂ and NO: Comparison of measurements with model results based on airborne observations during PEM‐Tropics A

Cited by 65 publications

References 16 publications

Global and regional effects of the photochemistry of CH<sub>3</sub>O<sub>2</sub>NO<sub>2</sub>: evidence from ARCTAS

Global and regional effects of the photochemistry of CH<sub>3</sub>O<sub>2</sub>NO<sub>2</sub>: evidence from ARCTAS

The global lightning-induced nitrogen oxides source

Characteristics of the NO-NO<sub>2</sub>-O<sub>3</sub> system in different chemical regimes during the MIRAGE-Mex field campaign

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Photofragmentation two‐photon laser‐induced fluorescence detection of NO2 and NO: Comparison of measurements with model results based on airborne observations during PEM‐Tropics A

Cited by 65 publications

References 16 publications

Global and regional effects of the photochemistry of CH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;: evidence from ARCTAS

Global and regional effects of the photochemistry of CH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;: evidence from ARCTAS

The global lightning-induced nitrogen oxides source

Characteristics of the NO-NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; system in different chemical regimes during the MIRAGE-Mex field campaign

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Photofragmentation two‐photon laser‐induced fluorescence detection of NO₂ and NO: Comparison of measurements with model results based on airborne observations during PEM‐Tropics A

Global and regional effects of the photochemistry of CH<sub>3</sub>O<sub>2</sub>NO<sub>2</sub>: evidence from ARCTAS

Global and regional effects of the photochemistry of CH<sub>3</sub>O<sub>2</sub>NO<sub>2</sub>: evidence from ARCTAS

Characteristics of the NO-NO<sub>2</sub>-O<sub>3</sub> system in different chemical regimes during the MIRAGE-Mex field campaign