Photoelectron Spectroscopy: Fundamental Principles and Applications

Kumar, Jagdish

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-92955-2_12

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR ) is a common instrumental tool used for the identi cation of several functional groups of any organic material (liquids, solids, and gases) by the measurement and determination of its emission spectra or infrared absorption [39]. The impact of CIP adsorption onto C. vulgaris and Synechocystis sp.…”

Section: Ftirmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of a ciprofloxacin as a contaminant of emerging concern in water using microalgae bioremediation: mechanism, modeling, and kinetic studies

Salah,

Shehata,

Khedr

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Pharmaceutical residues which are labeled as a new class of environmental contaminants have potentially negative environmental and human health effects. Recently, biosorption is one of the most appealing choices to manage these pharmaceutical wastes in water. However, the environmental limitations of the adsorbent material are an obstacle to the development of this process. Hence, the current study suggested two biosorbents; Chlorella vulgaris and Synechocystis sp. microalgae to manage Ciprofloxacin (CIP) in water. The experimental results showed that the optimal adsorption conditions are an initial CIP concentration of 4.0 mg L− 1 and pH 5 and 3 for Synechocystis sp. and C. vulgaris, respectively. The adsorption process fitted well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The main mechanism of biosorption is the complexation of CIP with carboxyl, hydroxyl, carbonyl, and amido groups which was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX) analyses which represent the presence of CIP on the cyanobacterial cell surface and intracellularly. These results revealed that the adsorption mechanism of CIP by Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 and C. vulgaris provide theoretical guidance for insight into the biosorption mechanisms of pharmaceutical residues by other strains.

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Section: Ftirmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of a ciprofloxacin as a contaminant of emerging concern in water using microalgae bioremediation: mechanism, modeling, and kinetic studies

Salah,

Shehata,

Khedr

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…PES is based on the photoelectric effect in which the photoelectrons are excited from the sample surface during the irradiation by X‐ray (i.e., X‐ray PES, XPS) or by ultraviolet light (i.e., ultraviolet PES, UPS) and the electronic structure of the samples is obtained from the measured kinetic energies of the photoelectrons. [ 16,17 ] The XPS can provide chemical information of the sample surface, but it is not suitable for the accurate measurement of the valence‐band structure mainly due to its low energy resolution. [ 18–20 ] Contrary to XPS, UPS can provide more precise information about the valence band structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observations on Valence‐Band Electronic Structure and Surface States of Bulk Insulators Based on Fast Stabilization Process of Sample Charging in UPS

Zhu,

Li,

et al. 2024

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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The valence‐band electronic structure is one of the most basic properties of materials and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) is the most commonly used technique for its measurement. To obtain credible UPS spectra on insulator surfaces, eliminating the charging effects at the surfaces is essential but is very difficult. Here, a reliable measurement for the valence‐band structure of bulk insulators is shown. It has been observed that, during UPS measurements without any charge compensation, the charging on irradiated insulator surfaces reaches its steady state very quickly and the fluctuation of the charging‐induced surface potential is very small. Therefore, the whole UPS spectrum undergoes just a parallel shift and can be calibrated by comparison with the corresponding X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectrum even though XPS often has a poorer resolution than UPS. From the calibrated valence‐band spectra, it is found that noticeable electronic energy levels (i.e., the “surface states”) exist in the bandgap, and based on the density of states (DOS) calculations, the surface states are attributed to the truncation of the bulk periodic structure at the surfaces. This work is anticipated to provide a way to obtain the valence band structure and the surface states of bulk insulators which play crucial roles in many physical processes.

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“…The peak positions in all the SXPES and HAXPES spectra are nearly identical despite the significantly different electron inelastic mean free path of electrons excited by the soft and hard x-rays that we employed. 26 The spectral weight in the valence band spectra is yet different between SXPES and HAXPES [Figs. 2(c) and 2(d)].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectroscopic investigations on trivalent ruthenium ions in ruthenium perovskite oxide thin films

Nakata,

Takahashi,

Matsumoto

et al. 2024

Applied Physics Letters

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The d5 electron configurations under the crystal field, spin–orbit coupling, and Coulomb interaction give rise to a plethora of profound ground states. Ruthenium perovskite oxides exhibit a number of unconventional properties yet the Ru4+ state (4d4) is usually stable in these materials. In this regard, Ru3+ ions in perovskite materials are expected to be a mesmerizing playground of 4d5 electron configurations. Here, we report measurements of x-ray photoemission spectroscopy on recently synthesized perovskite ruthenium oxide thin films, LaRuO3 and NdRuO3, whose valence state of the ruthenium ions is trivalent. We discuss correlation and spin–orbit effects from the valence band spectra, in particular an additional peak structure around 3–5 eV, reminiscent of the so-called 3 eV peak observed in Sr2RuO4. Moreover, we find that the core-level spectra of these materials are quantitatively different from those in other ruthenates, which possess Ru4+ ions, e.g., SrRuO3. We therefore argue that the core level spectra of LaRuO3 and NdRuO3 are peculiar to the Ru3+ states.

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Photoelectron Spectroscopy: Fundamental Principles and Applications

Cited by 3 publications

References 64 publications

Management of a ciprofloxacin as a contaminant of emerging concern in water using microalgae bioremediation: mechanism, modeling, and kinetic studies

Management of a ciprofloxacin as a contaminant of emerging concern in water using microalgae bioremediation: mechanism, modeling, and kinetic studies

Observations on Valence‐Band Electronic Structure and Surface States of Bulk Insulators Based on Fast Stabilization Process of Sample Charging in UPS

Spectroscopic investigations on trivalent ruthenium ions in ruthenium perovskite oxide thin films

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