Photoelectron holography of the H2+ molecule

Abstract

We investigate the photoelectron spectrum of the H2+ target induced by few-cycle XUV laser pulses using first principle calculations. In the photoelectron spectrum, by performing calculations for different internuclear separations, we investigate how the structure of the target is influencing the spatial interference pattern. This interference pattern is created by the coherent superposition of electronic wave packets emitted at the same time, but following different paths. We find that the location of the interference minima in the spectra is dominantly determined by the target’s ionization energy, however, by comparing the H2+ results with model calculations with spherically symmetric potentials, clear differences were observed for the molecular potential relative to the central potentials. Next to the main feature (spatial interference) we have also identified the traces of the two-center interference in the photoelectron spectrum, however, these were mainly washed out due to the complex electronic wave packet dynamics that occurs during the interaction with the considered laser field. Graphical abstract

Ultrafast plasmonic photoemission in the single-cycle and few-cycle regimes

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Attosecond Probing of Nuclear Vibrations in the D2+ and HeH+ Molecular Ions

“…Numerous other time-resolved imaging techniques have been developed over the past decades to monitor dynamical processes in molecules. These include laser Coulomb explosion imaging, − time-resolved X-ray scattering, , photoelectron holography, , transient absorption spectroscopy, , high-order-harmonic generation, , or multidimensional-quantum-beat spectroscopy. , Tracing of the femtosecond-coupled nuclear-electronic dynamics in a molecule was also considered on the basis of the characteristic harmonic generation emitted during the nonadiabatic transition. , …”

Tracing the vibrational dynamics of sodium iodide via the spectrum of emitted photofragments

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