“…However, owing to its highly conjugated and large ring structure, GDY was less prone to isomerization by other materials. Xie et al 122 carboxylated GDY through click chemistry and successfully combined it with TiO 2 for the PEC detection of DA. The problem of difficult functionalization of GDY has been solved and it can be connected with specific functional groups and organics.…”
Section: Development Of Carbon-based Materials In Pec Sensingmentioning
The considerable potential of photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensors have gained significant attention for analyzing biological, environmental, and food markers. However, the limited charge mass transfer efficiency and the rapid recombination of...
“…However, owing to its highly conjugated and large ring structure, GDY was less prone to isomerization by other materials. Xie et al 122 carboxylated GDY through click chemistry and successfully combined it with TiO 2 for the PEC detection of DA. The problem of difficult functionalization of GDY has been solved and it can be connected with specific functional groups and organics.…”
Section: Development Of Carbon-based Materials In Pec Sensingmentioning
The considerable potential of photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensors have gained significant attention for analyzing biological, environmental, and food markers. However, the limited charge mass transfer efficiency and the rapid recombination of...
“…The uniform nanopores and stable alkyne bonds in the GDY structure provide abundant active sites and optional reaction routes for its precise functionalization, which is considered as an effective strategy for tuning the electronic, and physicochemical properties of GDY for extraordinary sensing performance. [56,63,64,67,311,312,[314][315][316][317][318][319][320][321][322][323] For example, in 2022, Tung et al [64] reported conductive Hs-GDY nanofilms with uniformly porous structure and considerably inherent softness for on-skin sensors that can satisfy the stress minimization and wear discomfort. Figure 14a presents the schematic diagram for the preparation of HsGDY nanofilms, including i) self-assembly and lateral coupling of 1,3,5-trithynylbenzene on the Cu (111); ii) vertical stacking to obtain HsGDY nanofilms and form out-of-plane grain boundaries.…”
Graphdiyne (GDY) is regarded as an exceptional candidate to meet the growing demand in many fields due to its rich chemical bonds, highly π‐conjugated structure, uniformly distributed pores, large surface area, and high inhomogeneity of charge distribution. The extensive research efforts bring about a rapid expansion of GDY with a variety of functionalities, which significantly enhance performance including photocatalysis, energy, biomedicine, etc. In this review, the synthetic strategies (in situ and ex situ approaches) that are designed to rationally functionalize GDY, including optimizing their nanostructures by surface/interface engineering with dopants or functional groups (heteroatoms/small molecules/macromolecules), and building up hierarchical GDY‐based heterostructures are highlighted. Theoretical calculations on the structural evolution and electronic characteristics after the functionalization of GDY are briefly discussed. With elaborate functionalization and rational structure engineering, functional GDY applied in a variety of emerging applications (e.g., hydrogen evolution reaction, CO2 reduction reaction, nitrogen reduction reaction, energy storage and conversion, nanophotonics, sensors, biomedical applications, etc.) are comprehensively discussed. Finally, challenges and prospects concerning the future development of GDY‐based nanoarchitectures are also presented.
“…Nevertheless, the wide bandgap and rapid recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs in pure TiO 2 materials inhibit its practical application as a photoelectrode material [14,16]. The most effective way to solve the above limitation is to synthesize TiO 2 composite to form heterojunctions with other semiconductors or to perform elemental doping [17][18][19].…”
Herein, a novel, recognition-molecule-free electrode based on Ti3C2/TiO2 composites was synthesized using Ti3C2 as the Ti source and TiO2 in situ formed by oxidation on the Ti3C2 surface for the selective detection of dopamine (DA). The TiO2 in situ formed by oxidation on the Ti3C2 surface not only increased the catalytically active surface for DA binding but also accelerated the carrier transfer due to the coupling between TiO2 and Ti3C2, resulting in a better photoelectric response than pure TiO2. Through a series of experimental conditions optimization, the photocurrent signals obtained by the MT100 electrode were proportional to the DA concentration from 0.125 to 400 µM, with a detection limit estimated at 0.045 µM. We also monitored DA in human blood serum samples using the MT100 electrode. The results showed good recovery, demonstrating the promising use of the sensor for the analysis of DA in real samples.
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