Photoelectric Properties of Pure and Gas-Contaminated Magnesium

Mg-based photocathodes prepared by ns, ps and fs PLD for the production of high brightness electron beams

“…The bending can be explained taking into account the chemisorption process of residual gas, such as hydrogen or oxygen on the film surface [11][12][13]. The hydrogen chemisorption on Mg film surface has been reported to induce a lowering of the work function of the metal [9].…”

A Photoelectric Cell for Measuring Ultraviolet Solar and Sky Radiation on a Horizontal Plane1

“…For radiation measurements of wave lengths shorter than 5000a it is possible to use metals other than the alkalies, particularly metals having a very low vapor pressure. Experience has shown that by using a special technique in depositing these metals [11], it is possible to form cathodes that have reproducible photoelectric properties.…”

“…The greatest difficulty encountered in the development of pure metal photoelectric cathodes has been the removal of the last trace of gases which change the character of the emission [11]. Attempts by various investigators to form gas-free metal surfaces have proceeded along the following lines: scraping or filing the surface in vacuum; heating the specimen ; sputtering or evaporating the metal.…”

“…Attempts by various investigators to form gas-free metal surfaces have proceeded along the following lines: scraping or filing the surface in vacuum; heating the specimen ; sputtering or evaporating the metal. In spite of these efforts the discordant results reported generally arise from gas contamination of the photoelectric surfaces [11].…”

“…The technique which has been developed by one of us (R. J.C.) for forming effectively gas-free metal layers [11] involves a fractionation of the metal in high vacuum, in which the first fractions serve to getter* the tube of active gases and the later fractions are used to form the cathode. The details of a practicable form of phototube utilizing this method, and having the desired characteristics given above, are shown in the diagram of Fig.…”