Photoelastic verification of a mechanical model for the flow of a granular material

Drescher, A.; Jong, G. De Josselin de

doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-3629-3_5

Cited by 117 publications

(147 citation statements)

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“…Perhaps chief among them is that, when stress is applied to random grain packings, there develops a surprisingly complicated internal stress distribution that can be described either as "force chains" or "stress bridges" (e.g., [5][6][7]). Such stress distributions can be visualized in photoelastic experiments using birefringent beads (either plastic or glass).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Goddard rattler-jamming mechanism for quantifying pressure dependence of elastic moduli of grain packs

Pride

Berryman

2009

Acta Mech

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An analysis is presented to show how it is possible for unconsolidated granular packings to obey overall non-Hertzian pressure dependence due to the imperfect and random spatial arrangements of the grains in these packs. With imperfect arrangement, some gaps that remain between grains can be closed by strains applied to the grain packing. As these gaps are closed, former rattler grains become jammed and new stressbearing contacts are created that increase the elastic stiffness of the packing. By allowing for such a mechanism, detailed analytical expressions are obtained for increases in bulk modulus of a random packing of grains with increasing stress and strain. Only isotropic stress and strain are considered in this analysis. The model is shown to give a favorable fit to laboratory data on variations in bulk modulus due to variations in applied pressure for bead packs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Goddard rattler-jamming mechanism for quantifying pressure dependence of elastic moduli of grain packs

Pride

Berryman

2009

Acta Mech

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“…Detailed explanations on the working principles of photo stress analysis methodology for granular assemblies can be found elsewhere [24,25], however briefly stated here. Basically, birefringent particles optically respond to stress when viewed under a circular polariscope setup [9,24,25]. Depending on the level of the induced stress, they display contours of fringes of different orders depending on the retardation of light passing through the fast and slow optical axes at the point of interest.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is widely recognised that the force-transmission inside granular assemblies occurs via inter-particle contacts in a non-homogeneous manner through a chain-like networks of contacts, often referred to as force chains [2][3][4][5]. Such observations have been made from photo elastic studies of birefringent grains [6][7][8][9], computer simulations using discrete element method (DEM) [10] and combined FEM-DEM [11]. For the granular materials, photo elastic studies were mostly reported for the two dimensional conditions whereas the DEM simulations accounted for both the two dimensional and three dimensional conditions [4,[10][11][12][13].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interplay between the inclusions of different sizes and their proximity to the wall boundaries on the nature of their stress distribution within the inclusions inside particulate packing

Antony

Chapman

Sujatha³

et al. 2015

Powder Technology

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(2015) 'Interplay between the inclusions of different sizes and their proximity to the wall boundaries on the nature of their stress distribution within the inclusions inside particulate packing', Powder Technology, 286, 98-106 ACCEPT ED M a nusc ript :I nt e rpla y be t w e e n t he inc lusions of diffe re nt size s a nd t he ir prox im it y t o t he w a ll bounda rie s on t he na t ure of t he ir st re ss dist ribut ion w it hin t he inc lusions inside pa rt ic ula t e pa c k ing In this work, photo stress analysis tomography (PSAT) is used to sense the fundamental nature of the stress experienced by different sizes of optically-sensitive inclusions inside granular packing (quasi-three dimensional) under an external axial-compression loading.The distribution of the maximum shear stress and the direction of the major principal stress experienced by the inclusions are analysed to understand the interplay between the size of the inclusions and their proximity to the wall boundary. The outcomes of this study provide a new understanding on the dual nature of stress transmission experienced by the inclusions, as

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“…Another interesting phenomenon associated with anisotropic soil behaviour is deformation non-coaxiality, which is defined as the non-coincidence between the principal stress directions and the principal strain increment directions [1,11,36,44,47]. It was firstly observed in Roscoe et al [36] and later widely reported for soil tests involving rotation of stress directions [13], for example, using a hollow cylindrical apparatus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabric, force and strength anisotropies in granular materials: a micromechanical insight

2014

Acta Mech

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In micromechanics, the stress-force-fabric (SFF) relationship is referred to as an analytical expression linking the stress state of a granular material with microparameters on contact forces and material fabric. This paper employs the SFF relationship and discrete element modelling to investigate the micromechanics of fabric, force and strength anisotropies in two-dimensional granular materials. The development of the SFF relationship is briefly summarized while more attention is placed on the strength anisotropy and deformation non-coaxiality. Due to the presence of initial anisotropy, a granular material demonstrates a different behaviour when the loading direction relative to the direction of the material fabric varies. Specimens may go through various paths to reach the same critical state at which the fabric and force anisotropies are coaxial with the loading direction. The critical state of anisotropic granular material has been found to be independent of the initial fabric. The fabric anisotropy and the force anisotropy approach their critical magnitudes at the critical state. The particle-scale data obtained from discrete element simulations of anisotropic materials show that in monotonic loading, the principal force direction quickly becomes coaxial with the loading direction (i.e. the strain increment direction as applied). However, material fabric directions differ from the loading direction and they only tend to be coaxial at a very large shear strain. The degree of force anisotropy is in general larger than that of fabric anisotropy. In comparison with the limited variation in the degree of force anisotropy with varying loading directions, the fabric anisotropy adapts in a much slower pace and demonstrates wider disparity in the evolution in the magnitude of fabric anisotropy. The difference in the fabric anisotropy evolution has a more significant contribution to strength anisotropy than that of force anisotropy. There are two key parameters that control the degree of deformation non-coaxiality in granular materials subjected to monotonic shearing: the ratio between the degrees of fabric anisotropy and that of force anisotropy and the angle between the principal fabric direction and the applied loading direction.

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Photoelastic verification of a mechanical model for the flow of a granular material

Cited by 117 publications

References 0 publications

Goddard rattler-jamming mechanism for quantifying pressure dependence of elastic moduli of grain packs

Goddard rattler-jamming mechanism for quantifying pressure dependence of elastic moduli of grain packs

Interplay between the inclusions of different sizes and their proximity to the wall boundaries on the nature of their stress distribution within the inclusions inside particulate packing

Fabric, force and strength anisotropies in granular materials: a micromechanical insight

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