Photodynamic Therapy: New Light in Medicine World

Abstract

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a considerably new kind of photochemotherapeutic treatment in medical field. It combines the use of three components, which are a photosensitizer, light and oxygen. Photosensitizer is a compound activated by light. The application can be oral, topical or intravenous. It usually member of porphyrin group with ampiphilic characteristics. Photosensitizer can be of generation I, II or III, each generation step develops more specificity, selectivity and deeper tissue application. This review will discuss photosensitizer development consecutively, with its benefit and lackness. The light used is usually on red region, while the oxygen is involved in reactive oxygen species generation. Its mechanism action can go through either in type I or type II reaction. This kind of therapy is usually being used in oncology, especially in superficial and in-lining cancers, dermatology and ophthalmology field. This therapy can be safely given to patients with complication and has distinct advantages compare with other treatment such as chemotherapy and surgery. It also considerably has lesser side effects and risks. Broader application is being developed through various experiments and photosensitizer modification. Keywords: light spectrum, photoactivation, photodynamic therapy, photosensitizer

Targeting Antitumor Immune Response for Enhancing the Efficacy of Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives

“…Consequently, those unstable ROS can destroy targeted cells via apoptotic or necrotic process or the combination. Owing to the selective uptake of photosensitizers by tumor cells, confined light exposure to specific area, minimally invasiveness feature, and relative simple procedure, PDT shows its intrinsic advantages including tumor targeting capability, low morbidity, and good patient tolerance [ 6 – 8 ].…”

In vitro combined effect of Doxorubicin and sulfonated zinc Phthalocyanine–mediated photodynamic therapy on MCF-7 breast cancer cells

“…28 Moreover, unique 1 O 2 -dependent cytotoxic effects of PDT have provided a rationale for its combination with DOX to enhance their antitumour effect without overlapping toxicity. 29 The cellular viability showed a significant decrease within the combined treated groups and increased dose of ZnPcS-PDT (0.5, 1 µM) when compared to experimental control. There was a dose-dependent increase in cytotoxicity when compared to experimental control cells.…”

“…28 Moreover, unique 1 O 2 -dependent cytotoxic effects of PDT have provided a rationale for its combination with DOX to enhance their antitumour effect without overlapping toxicity. 29…”

Terapi Fotodinamik Antimikroba: Prospek Baru Dalam Penanganan Pangan?

“…Mereka yang menggunakan ekstrak tumbuhan yang mengandung psoralen dan cahaya untuk pengobatan psoriasis dan vitiligo pada kulit manusia (Zhao & He, 2010). Istilah "fotodinamika" baru dimunculkan tahun 1904 oleh Herman Von Tappeiner dan Joldbauer, ahli farmakologi dan toksikologi berkebangsaan Jerman, untuk menjelaskan reaksi kimia yang bergantung pada oksigen dan diinduksi melalui fotosensitasi (Santosa & Limantara, 2010).…”