Photodynamic therapy in urology: What can we do now and where are we heading?

Bozzini, G.; Colin, P.; Betrouni, Nacim; Nevoux, P.; Ouzzane, A.; Puech, P; Villers, Arnauld; Mordon, Serge

doi:10.1016/j.pdpdt.2012.01.005

Cited by 55 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…With these requirements in mind, we propose here as ystematic classification of organs based upon the ease with which light can be delivered to them, inspired by the developments in photodynamic therapy: [11,12,34] * Class 1:e asily accessible:s kin, [42] eyes (ophthalmoscopy) [43] * Class 2:a ccessible by endoscopy:G It ract, [44] mouth and throat, [45] sinuses, [46] respiratory system, [47] cervix, [48] biliary tract, [49] bladder, [50] etc. * Class 3:accessible through the skin without incision (lying just below the skin): thyroid, testicles as well as lymph nodes,muscles,and bones lying just under the skin.…”

Section: Thet Arget Should Be Accessible By Lightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Targets in Photopharmacology

et al. 2016

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The field of photopharmacology uses molecular photoswitches to establish control over the action of bioactive molecules. It aims to reduce systemic drug toxicity and the emergence of resistance, while achieving unprecedented precision in treatment. By using small molecules, photopharmacology provides a viable alternative to optogenetics. We present here a critical overview of the different pharmacological targets in various organs and a survey of organ systems in the human body that can be addressed in a non-invasive manner. We discuss the prospects for the selective delivery of light to these organs and the specific requirements for light-activatable drugs. We also aim to illustrate the druggability of medicinal targets with recent findings and emphasize where conceptually new approaches have to be explored to provide photopharmacology with future opportunities to bring "smart" molecular design ultimately to the realm of clinical use.

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Section: Thet Arget Should Be Accessible By Lightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Targets in Photopharmacology

et al. 2016

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“…It was clinically approved more than a quarter of a century ago for the treatment of a small number of selected tumors [1] and has expanded tremendously to include areas of application as diverse as cardiology [2,3], urology [4], immunology [5], ophthalmology [6,7], dentistry [8,9], dermatology [10,11] and cosmetics [12,13]. Antimicrobial/antiviral PDT has been successfully used for the treatment of viral infections [14,15], against antibiotic-resistant bacterial [16,17] and fungal strains [18,19,20], for the inactivation of pathogens in blood products [21], for water sterilization [22,23] and for disinfection and sanitation of surfaces [24,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photodynamic Therapy: Current Status and Future Directions

Benov¹

2014

Med Princ Pract

341

299

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Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive therapeutic modality used for the management of a variety of cancers and benign diseases. The destruction of unwanted cells and tissues in PDT is achieved by the use of visible or near-infrared radiation to activate a light-absorbing compound (a photosensitizer, PS), which, in the presence of molecular oxygen, leads to the production of singlet oxygen and other reactive oxygen species. These cytotoxic species damage and kill target cells. The development of new PSs with properties optimized for PDT applications is crucial for the improvement of the therapeutic outcome. This review outlines the principles of PDT and discusses the relationship between the structure and physicochemical properties of a PS, its cellular uptake and subcellular localization, and its effect on PDT outcome and efficacy.

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“… Klasse 1 : leicht zugänglich: Haut, Augen (Ophthalmoskopie) Klasse 2 : mittels Endoskopie zugänglich: Magen‐Darm‐Trakt, Mundhöhle und Schlund, Nebenhöhlen, Atemwege, Gebärmutterhals, Gallengänge, Harnblase usw. Klasse 3 : durch die Haut ohne Einschnitte (oberflächlich unter der Haut gelegen): Schilddrüse, Hoden; oberflächlich gelegene Lymphknoten, Muskeln und Knochen. Klasse 4 : mittels kleiner Einschnitte zugänglich: Bauchfell, einschließlich Bauchspeicheldrüse, Leber, Eierstöcke, Magen, Dünndarm, Nieren und Milz; außerdem die Prostata, die meisten Blutgefäße sowie Drüsen, Lymphknoten, Muskeln und Knochen. Klasse 5 : mittels größerer Einschnitte oder intraoperativ zugänglich: Gehirn und Knochenmark. …”

Section: Photowirkstofftauglichkeit Und Klassifizierung Photopharmakunclassified

“…Klasse 2 : mittels Endoskopie zugänglich: Magen‐Darm‐Trakt, Mundhöhle und Schlund, Nebenhöhlen, Atemwege, Gebärmutterhals, Gallengänge, Harnblase usw.…”

Section: Photowirkstofftauglichkeit Und Klassifizierung Photopharmakunclassified

Neue Ziele für die Photopharmakologie

et al. 2016

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Das Feld der Photopharmakologie nutzt durch Licht schaltbare Moleküle, um Kontrolle über die Wirkung biologisch aktiver Verbindungen zu erlangen. Das Ziel ist es, die systemische Toxizität von Wirkstoffen wie auch die Herausbildung von Resistenzen zu vermindern und gleichzeitig eine extrem hohe Präzision in der Behandlung zu erreichen. Durch die Verwendung niedermolekularer Verbindungen stellt die Photopharmakologie eine valide Alternative zur Optogenetik dar. Wir präsentieren hier einen Überblick über die pharmakologischen Zielstrukturen in verschiedenen Organen sowie über Organsysteme im menschlichen Körper, die auf nicht‐invasive Weise angesteuert werden können. Wir diskutieren die Perspektiven einer selektiven Lichtzuführung zu diesen Organen sowie die spezifischen Anforderungen lichtaktivierbarer Wirkstoffe. Über anwendungsorientierte Aspekte hinaus sind wir bestrebt, die Wirkstofftauglichkeit (“druggability”) pharmazeutischer Zielstrukturen anhand aktueller Ergebnisse zu illustrieren. Ferner wollen wir aufzeigen, an welchen Stellen neue Ansätze erforscht werden müssen, damit die Umsetzung von “intelligentem” Moleküldesign in der Photopharmakologie zur klinischen Anwendung gelingt.

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Photodynamic therapy in urology: What can we do now and where are we heading?

Cited by 55 publications

References 71 publications

Emerging Targets in Photopharmacology

Emerging Targets in Photopharmacology

Photodynamic Therapy: Current Status and Future Directions

Neue Ziele für die Photopharmakologie

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