Photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy with cationic phthalocyanines against Escherichia coli planktonic and biofilm cultures

Li, Min; Mai, Bingjie; Wang, Ao; Gao, Yiru; Wang, Xiaobing; Liu, Xin; Song, Shanshan; Liu, Quanghong; Wei, Shaohua; Wang, Pan

doi:10.1039/c7ra06073d

Cited by 38 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Interestingly, Li et al reported a comparative study to investigate the effects of charge on aPDT activity using two poly-cationic zinc-phthalocyanines (ZnPc) conjugated to mono-and di-amino moieties (formal charges of +4, +8) against the Gram− bacteria E. coli. As expected, the more highly charged ZnPc derivatives exhibited better inactivation efficacy [33].…”

Section: Conjugation Of Small Cationic Groups For Electrostatic Intersupporting

confidence: 73%

Design of Photosensitizing Agents for Targeted Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy

2020

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Photodynamic inactivation of microorganisms has gained substantial attention due to its unique mode of action, in which pathogens are unable to generate resistance, and due to the fact that it can be applied in a minimally invasive manner. In photodynamic therapy (PDT), a non-toxic photosensitizer (PS) is activated by a specific wavelength of light and generates highly cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide (O2−, type-I mechanism) or singlet oxygen (1O2*, type-II mechanism). Although it offers many advantages over conventional treatment methods, ROS-mediated microbial killing is often faced with the issues of accessibility, poor selectivity and off-target damage. Thus, several strategies have been employed to develop target-specific antimicrobial PDT (aPDT). This includes conjugation of known PS building-blocks to either non-specific cationic moieties or target-specific antibiotics and antimicrobial peptides, or combining them with targeting nanomaterials. In this review, we summarise these general strategies and related challenges, and highlight recent developments in targeted aPDT.

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Section: Conjugation Of Small Cationic Groups For Electrostatic Intersupporting

confidence: 73%

Design of Photosensitizing Agents for Targeted Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy

2020

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“…Moreover, all the results in the current study were acquired as the final effects of antimicrobial activity through MTT assay, CFU analysis, fluorescent, and SEM images. Therefore, more advanced quantitative methods such flow cytometry should be employed for the detection of ROS production during the treatment [ 10 , 11 , 40 ] to further validate the current findings. The exact function of endogenous intracellular porphyrins in the disinfection process resulting from 405-nm exposure should be fully elucidated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) have increasingly become problematic in the endoscopic procedures resulting in several severe diseases such as CRE-related infections, pneumonia, and bacteremia. However, many previous studies have agreed that some bacterial strains are currently resistant to traditional antimicrobials [ 10 , 11 ]. They have adopted various mechanisms to improve their resistance towards disinfectants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many scientists claimed that the second highest percentage of human death in all over the world has originated from pathogenic bacterial infections, accounting for around 17 million people per year worldwide [ 3 , 10 , 11 ]. Undesirably, some of the pathogens have adapted and resisted to conventional drugs and antibiotics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to tackle serious health-associated infections (HAIs) due to biofilm, many types of antimicrobial research have been conducted in terms of hospital disinfection and endoscope reprocessing [ 14 – 16 ]. The current methods for hospital disinfection include chemotherapy (i.e., using antibiotics [ 17 , 18 ], antibacterial peptides [ 19 ], peptide-polysaccharides [ 20 ], cationic materials [ 10 ], antibacterial coatings [ 21 , 22 ], and polymers [ 23 , 24 ], photo-thermal therapy (PTT) [ 25 – 30 ], and photodynamic therapy (PDT) [ 31 – 33 ]. Meanwhile, in the field of endoscope reprocessing, some standard disinfectant solutions such as 2% GTA, 0.55% orthophthalaldehyde (OPA), and 0.15% peracetic acid (PAA) solutions have been widely used in the clinical applications [ 34 – 36 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antibacterial activity of Staphylococcus aureus biofilm under combined exposure of glutaraldehyde, near-infrared light, and 405-nm laser

et al. 2018

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Healthcare-associated infections have increasingly become problematic in the endoscopic procedures resulting in several severe diseases such as carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE)-related infections, pneumonia, and bacteremia. Especially, some bacterial strains are resistant to traditional antimicrobials. Therefore, the necessity of developing new antibiotics or management to deal with bacterial infections has been increasing. The current study combined a low concentration of glutaraldehyde (GTA) with near-infrared (NIR) light and 405-nm laser to entail antibacterial activity on Staphylococcus aureus biofilm. MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay and colony forming unit (CFU) counting were used to quantify the viable cells while fluorescent and scanning electron microscopic images were used to qualitatively evaluate the cell membrane integrity and structural deformation, respectively. Practically, S. aureus biofilm was highly susceptible (7% cell viability and 6.8-log CFU/cm2 bacterial reduction for MTT assay and CFU analysis, respectively) to the combination of GTA (0.1%), NIR light (270 J/cm2), and 405-nm laser (288 J/cm2) exposure. GTA could form either DNA-protein or protein-protein crosslinks to inhibit DNA and protein synthesis. The NIR light induced the thermal damage on protein/enzymes while 405-nm laser could induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) to damage the bacterial membrane. Thus, the proposed technique may be a feasible modality for endoscope cleaning to prevent any secondary infection in the healthcare industry.

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Considerations and Caveats in Combating ESKAPE Pathogens against Nosocomial Infections

et al. 2019

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ESKAPE pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species) are among the most common opportunistic pathogens in nosocomial infections. ESKAPE pathogens distinguish themselves from normal ones by developing a high level of antibiotic resistance that involves multiple mechanisms. Contemporary therapeutic strategies which are potential options in combating ESKAPE bacteria need further investigation. Herein, a broad overview of the antimicrobial research on ESKAPE pathogens over the past five years is provided with prospective clinical applications.

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Photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy with cationic phthalocyanines against Escherichia coli planktonic and biofilm cultures

Abstract: Cationic phthalocyanines (Pcs) combine with photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) presents excellent antibacterial activity to Gram-negative bacteriaE. coli.

Cited by 38 publications

References 52 publications

Design of Photosensitizing Agents for Targeted Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy

Design of Photosensitizing Agents for Targeted Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy

Antibacterial activity of Staphylococcus aureus biofilm under combined exposure of glutaraldehyde, near-infrared light, and 405-nm laser

Considerations and Caveats in Combating ESKAPE Pathogens against Nosocomial Infections

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