Photodegradation of Lyocell Fibers Through Exposure to Simulated Sunlight

Dadashian, Fatemeh; Wilding, M. A.

doi:10.1177/004051750107100102

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy is often used to characterize wood 6,28 and to determine cellulose or lignin content in pulp, paper, and wood. It has also been used for determination of chemical changes in wood during weathering, fungal decay, 30 and chemical treatments, 7 and its use was recently reviewed by Moore and Owen. 31 Two information-rich regions of the FT-IR spectra of the studied samples are shown in Figs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The absorption frequencies are associated with the vibrational motions of the nuclei of a functional group and show distinct changes when the chemical environment of the functional group is modified. It is extremely rapid and is a nondestructive and noninvasive method for analyzing the structure of wood constituents 6 and the chemical and structural changes taking place in wood components due to different treatments (natural or artificial aging, 7 oxidation, 8 thermal degradation, 9 etc.). Infrared spectroscopy also has the ability to probe interactions between macromolecules.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spectral Characterization of Eucalyptus Wood

Popescu

Popescu²,

Singurel³

et al. 2007

Appl Spectrosc

287

172

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The main difficulties in wood and pulp analyses arise principally from their numerous components with different chemical structures. Therefore, the basic problem in a specific analytical procedure may be the selective separation of the main carbohydrate-derived components from lignin due to their chemical association and structural coexistence. The processing of the wood determines some structural modification in its components depending on the type of wood and the applied procedure. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry and X-ray diffraction have been applied to analyze Eucalyptus g. wood chips and unbleached and chlorite-bleached pulp. The differences between samples have been established by examination of the spectra of the fractions obtained by successive extraction (acetone extractives, acetone free extractive samples, hemicelluloses, and lignins) by evaluating the derivative spectra, band deconvolution, etc. The energy and the hydrogen bonding distance have been evaluated. The relationship between spectral characteristics and sample composition has been established, as well as the variation of the degree of crystallinity after pulping and bleaching. The integral absorption and lignin/carbohydrate ratios calculated from FT-IR spectra of the IR bands assigned to different bending or stretching in lignin groups are stronger in the spectrum of eucalyptus chips than those from brown stock (BS) pulp spectra because of the smaller total amount of lignin in the latter. FT-IR spectra clearly show that after chlorite bleaching the structure of the wood components is partially modified or removed. Along with FT-IR data, the X-ray results confirmed the low content of lignin in the pulp samples by increasing the calculated values of the crystalline parameters. It was concluded that FT-IR spectroscopy can be used as a quick method to differentiate Eucalyptus globulus samples.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectral Characterization of Eucalyptus Wood

Popescu

Popescu²,

Singurel³

et al. 2007

Appl Spectrosc

287

172

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“…Many applications of SEM have been reported [7]. SEM has been used to show the surface changes of lyocell fibers subjected to enzymatic, simulated sunlight, direct heat and annealing treatments, previously investigated by us [8][9][10].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy has been applied to show the effect of enzymatic degradation and aging on the microstructure of lyocell fibers [8,11]. FTIR spectroscopy also has been used to detect microstructural changes in lyocell fibers subjected to simulated sunlight, direct heat and annealing temperature [9,10].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Internal Damage of Crimped Lyocell Fiber

Dadashian

Yaghoobi

Wilding³

2007

Textile Research Journal

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The majority of synthetic and regenerated cellulose fibers are crimped after spinning in order to possess natural appearance and texture, warmth and handle. Depending on the circumstances in processing, fibers may experience complex combinations of tensile, compression, flexural and torsional, deformation, abrasion, etc. that may cause a variety of fiber damages. One of the most important applications of microscopy of textile fibers is in the study of damage. In this study optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to study the surface characteristic of lyocell fibers. More importantly, kink bands with sharp ridges and transverse lines in crimped lyocell fibers were observed. The angles between the kink band and the fiber axis were measured. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy was applied, in combination with measurements of strength, fluidity and moisture regain to detect microstructural changes in lyocell fibers produced during crimping processing.

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“…Lyocell has a high wet modulus, a low laundering shrinkage and an inherent lustre. Fabrics of lyocell have a unique drape and fluidity [5] and have the ability to outperform cotton in their capacity to retain fibre strength when subjected to elevated temperatures [6,7]. Like all cellulosic fibres, lyocell is absorbent and biodegradable and is a cool fabric to wear, being particularly suited to hot or tropical climates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protection of lyocell fibres against fibrillation; mechanism for the poor crosslinking performance of reactive dyes on lyocell fibres and the influence of a colourless crosslinking agent as co‐applicant

Ibbett

Owens

Reisel

et al. 2009

Coloration Technology

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Sandospace R and five multi‐functional reactive dyes have been applied to lyocell fibre, by exhaust methods. A comparison has been made of the number of mmoles of each species covalently bonded to the fibre, with cross‐linking efficiency (NSF values). None of the dyes studied was able to achieve levels of cross‐linking found in non‐fibrillating grades of lyocell, unless unrealistically high levels were applied. Sandospace R readily matched the NSF values found in commercially produced non‐fibrillating fibres. An explanatory mechanism based on differences in size between Sandospace R and the reactive dyes has been proposed. Fitting the experimental NSF data to an Arrhenius model confirmed the increasing gradient of the NSF curves with increasing millimolar concentration of species fixed. The chroma of the agent‐plus‐dye fibre samples remained relatively constant being either at the same level or above that of those fibre samples treated only with dye. Co‐application of Sandospace R with the reactive dyes has achieved levels of cross‐linking found in commercial non‐fibrillating lyocell fibres.

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Photodegradation of Lyocell Fibers Through Exposure to Simulated Sunlight

Cited by 8 publications

References 18 publications

Spectral Characterization of Eucalyptus Wood

Spectral Characterization of Eucalyptus Wood

Internal Damage of Crimped Lyocell Fiber

Protection of lyocell fibres against fibrillation; mechanism for the poor crosslinking performance of reactive dyes on lyocell fibres and the influence of a colourless crosslinking agent as co‐applicant

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