Photodegradation of Carbol Fuchsin Dye Using an Fe2−xCuxZr2−xWxO7 Photocatalyst under Visible-Light Irradiation

Abstract

Fe2−xCuxZr2−xWxO7 (x: 0, 0.05, 0.015) nanoparticles were synthesized following the Pechini method and characterized via X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) measurements to be used as photocatalysts in colored water remediation. All of the prepared materials were crystallized in a cubic fluorite phase as the major phase. The band gap was reduced upon doping with W6+ and Cu2+ from 1.96 eV to 1.47 eV for Fe1.85Cu0.15Zr1.85W0.15O7. Carbol fuchsin (CF) dye was used to determine the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of the prepared catalysts. Degradation efficiency was directly proportional to the dopant’s concentration. Complete removal of 20 mg/L CF was achieved under optimal conditions (pH 9, and catalyst loading of 1.5 g/L) using Fe1.85Cu0.15Zr1.85W0.15O7. The degradation rate followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. The reusability for photocatalysts was tested five times, decreasing its efficiency by 4% after the fifth cycle, which indicates that the prepared Fe1.85Cu0.15Zr1.85W0.15O7 photocatalyst is a promising novel photocatalyst due to its superior efficiency in dye photodegradation.

Photocatalytic, antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of MgFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles

“… Sl. no Catalyst Synthesis method Dye Irradiation time (min) Degradation efficacy (%) References 1 MgFe 2 O 4 Microwave sintering MB 180 26 75 2 MnFe 2 O 4 Hydrothermal route MB 1200 67.18 75 3 Fe 3 O 4 /FePC + H 2 O 2 Organic–inorganic complexation 120 78 76 4 Fe 1.85 Cu 0.15 Zr 1.85 W 0.15 O 7 Pechini method CF 60 100 77 5 ZnFe 2 O 4 Co-precipitation method MB 60 29.7 78 6 Ni x Co 1–x Fe 2 O 4 Microwave-assisted green route MB 120 99.76 79 7 BaSO 4 -NPs …”

“…The persistent nature of these pollutants stems from the stability of the water-soluble compounds used in textile industry such as dyes, resulting in prolonged environmental impacts. Carbol fuchsin (CF), a cationic organic dye that is used as a biological stain and in addition to other applications 9 . As per the regulations outlined in 29 CFR 1910.1200 by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), CF is categorized as a hazardous substance 10 .…”

MgAl2O4 nanospinel: Green synthesis, characterization and effective heterogeneous catalyst for the photocatalytic degradation of carbol fuchsin dye and synthesis of 2-aryl substituted benzoxazole derivatives

“…Due to the raise in catalyst concentration, solution turbidity also gets increased, which had a detrimental impact on light penetration. Additionally, it is anticipated that a high photocatalyst concentration could lead to particle aggregation, which will lead to a drop in the number of surface-active sites, leading to a fall in the degrading e ciency [30]. For further evaluation, the optimal amount was chosen to be 0.6 g/L.…”

“…At pH 9, 96.84% of CF had been eliminated by means of the nanospinel. The degradation effectiveness dropped at higher pH levels (pH greater than 9) because CF, originally a cationic dye, changed into an anionic form at higher pH, which caused repulsion between the dye molecules and the negative catalyst surface in alkaline solutions [30].…”

The Recovery of Vanadium Pentoxide (V2O5) from Spent Catalyst Utilized in a Sulfuric Acid Production Plant in Jordan

“…The quest for new or improved leaching methods for the recovery of V 2 O 5 is still a hot topic in chemical research because of its relationship with public health, the environment, and the economy [19][20][21]. Many studies have been performed on other wastes focusing on environmental issues, such as olive mill wastewater (OMW) [22,23] and textile wastewater [24][25][26]. In Jordan, to our knowledge, this is the first study performed on spent catalysts and on spent catalyst leaching using a solid spent catalyst as the batch and column scale together with a weak acid or base.…”