Photochemical reaction kinetics and mechanisms of diethyl phthalate with N (III) in the atmospheric aqueous environment

Lei, Yu; Zhu, Chengzhu; Zhu, Yongchao; Zhu, Mengyu; Chen, Tianhu; Peng, Shuchuan

doi:10.1016/j.jphotochem.2018.05.006

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Such reactions have been reported in the literature. For example, during the photochemical reactions of benzene-derivates with HONO under near-UV irradiation, the interaction between NO 2 • and hydroxy-cyclohexadienyl radicals (a carbon-centered radical) is an important route for forming nitration products. ,, …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optical Variation and Molecular Transformation of Brown Carbon During Oxidation by NO₃^• in the Aqueous Phase

Lei,

Tian

et al. 2024

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The NO 3 • -driven nighttime aging of brown carbon (BrC) is known to greatly impact its atmospheric radiative forcing. However, the impact of oxidation by NO 3• on the optical properties of BrC in atmospheric waters as well as the associated reaction mechanism remain unclear. In this work, we found that the optical variation of BrC proxies under environmentally relevant NO 3• exposure depends strongly on their sources, with enhanced light absorptivity for biomass-burning BrC but bleaching for urban aerosols and humic substances. High-resolution mass spectrometry using FT-ICR MS shows that oxidation by NO 3• leads to the formation of light-absorbing species (e.g., nitrated organics) for biomass-burning BrC while destroying electron donors (e.g., phenols) within charge transfer complexes in urban aerosols and humic substances, as evidenced by transient absorption spectroscopy and NaBH 4 reduction experiments as well. Moreover, we found that the measured rate constants between NO 3• with real BrCs (k = (1.8 ± 0.6) × 10 7 M C −1 s −1 , expressed as moles of carbon) are much higher than those of individual model organic carbon (OC), suggesting the reaction with OCs may be a previously illquantified important sink of NO 3• in atmospheric waters. This work provides insights into the kinetics and molecular transformation of BrC during the oxidation by NO 3 • , facilitating further evaluation of BrC's climatic effects and atmospheric NO 3• levels.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• and hydroxy-cyclohexadienyl radicals (a carbon-centered radical) is an important route for forming nitration products. 35,76,77 As for SRFA and PM2.5, we believe the potential destruction of the charge transfer complex (CTC) during the oxidation by NO 3…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Variation and Molecular Transformation of Brown Carbon During Oxidation by NO₃^• in the Aqueous Phase

Lei,

Tian

et al. 2024

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…The adsorption of DEP on HPMoV(44)/biochar was clarified by fitting the adsorption isotherm using the Langmuir isotherm model [66] according to Eq. ( 6).…”

Section: Catalytic Activity Of Hpmov(n)/biocharmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of macroporous POMs/biochar materials for fast degradation of phthalic acid esters through adsorption coupled with aerobic oxidation

Wang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Polyoxometalates

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Macroporous H 5 PMo 10 V 2 O 40 (n)/biochar (abbreviated as HPMoV(n)/biochar, where n is the loading amount of HPMo: 12 wt.%, 28 wt.%, 44 wt.%, 53 wt.%, and 63 wt.%) were fabricated from popcorn biocarbon and H 5 PMo 10 V 2 O 40 . The materials exhibited a pore size of 8-50 μm and high specific surface areas, allowing them to efficiently catalyze the degradation of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in water. HPMoV(n)/biochar contained double-functional sites with strong Brønsted acidity and redox properties; additionally, biochar promoted electron transfer between the polyanions and PAEs and confined the generation of reactive oxygen species inside the pores. At the same time, macropores and high porosity endowed the materials with high adsorption capacities toward PAEs, even long carbon-chain esters such as diallyl phthalate and diethylhexyl phthalate. These characteristics allowed HPMoV(44)/biochar to degrade 80%-88% of PAEs within 90 min through tandem hydrolysis-oxidation. The mineralization of diethyl phthalate was confirmed by the 72.5% and 64.4% reductions in chemical oxygen demand and total organic carbon, respectively, at atmospheric pressure. HPMoV(44)/biochar exhibited heterogeneity and high stability in the degradation of diethyl phthalate. Furthermore, the material could be reused at least eight times with only 1.9% and 3.0% loss of mass and activity, respectively.

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Photochemical oxidation of di-n-butyl phthalate in atmospheric hydrometeors by hydroxyl radicals from nitrous acid

Lei

Zhu

et al. 2018

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The photochemical oxidation of di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) by OH radicals from nitrous acid (HONO) in atmospheric hydrometeors was explored by two techniques, steady-state irradiation, and laser flash photolysis (LFP). The effects of atmospheric liquid parameters on DBP transformation were systematically evaluated, showing that DBP does not react with HONO directly andOH-initiated reactions are crucial steps for consumption and transformation of DBP. Two reaction channels are operative: OH addition and hydrogen atom abstraction. The overall rate constant for the reaction of DBP withOH is 5.7 × 10 M s, and its specific rate constant for addition is 3.7 × 10 M s determined by using laser flash photolysis technique. Comparing the individual reaction rate constant for aromatic ring addition with the total rate constant, the majority of the OH radicals (about 65%) attack the aromatic ring. The major transformation products were identified by GC-MS, and the trends of their yields derived from both ring addition and H-abstraction with time are discussed. These results provide important insights into the photochemical transformation of DBP in atmospheric hydrometeors and contribute to atmospheric aerosol chemistry.

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Photochemical reaction kinetics and mechanisms of diethyl phthalate with N (III) in the atmospheric aqueous environment

Cited by 15 publications

References 61 publications

Optical Variation and Molecular Transformation of Brown Carbon During Oxidation by NO₃^• in the Aqueous Phase

Optical Variation and Molecular Transformation of Brown Carbon During Oxidation by NO₃^• in the Aqueous Phase

Fabrication of macroporous POMs/biochar materials for fast degradation of phthalic acid esters through adsorption coupled with aerobic oxidation

Photochemical oxidation of di-n-butyl phthalate in atmospheric hydrometeors by hydroxyl radicals from nitrous acid

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Photochemical reaction kinetics and mechanisms of diethyl phthalate with N (III) in the atmospheric aqueous environment

Cited by 15 publications

References 61 publications

Optical Variation and Molecular Transformation of Brown Carbon During Oxidation by NO3• in the Aqueous Phase

Optical Variation and Molecular Transformation of Brown Carbon During Oxidation by NO3• in the Aqueous Phase

Fabrication of macroporous POMs/biochar materials for fast degradation of phthalic acid esters through adsorption coupled with aerobic oxidation

Photochemical oxidation of di-n-butyl phthalate in atmospheric hydrometeors by hydroxyl radicals from nitrous acid

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Optical Variation and Molecular Transformation of Brown Carbon During Oxidation by NO₃^• in the Aqueous Phase

Optical Variation and Molecular Transformation of Brown Carbon During Oxidation by NO₃^• in the Aqueous Phase