Photochemical Characteristics of the mode-locking dyes 1,1′-diethyl-4,4′ carbocyanine iodide (cryptocayanine, DCI) and 1,1′-diethyl-2,2′ dicarb

Dempster, D. N.; Morrow, Thomas; Rankin, R.; Thompson, G. F.

doi:10.1016/0009-2614(73)80448-8

Cited by 44 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The molecules in the -state return to the ground state with a time constant T. In the case of DDI this relaxation time is mainly determined by radiationless transitions (internal conversion), since r » 17 ps (table 1) while the radiative lifetime is T RAD « 4.1 ns [5]. A shortening of T by amplified spontaneous emission is negligible under our experimental conditions and is not included in the calculations (eq.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Its relaxation time r from the first excited singlet state Sj to the ground state S 0 has been determined by fluorescence decay [2][3][4][5] and absorption recovery measurements [6][7][8][9]. The reported results are listed in table 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Time resolved fluorescence measurements which may be carried out with fast shutters [2] or streak cameras [6] require excitation pulse durations and response times shorter than the relaxation time r. The calculation of r from measured fluorescence quantum yields [5,5] or fluorescence depolarization ratios [3] is independent of the duration of the excitation source, i.e. short relaxation times may be determined with long pump pulses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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S1-S0 relaxation time of saturable absorber DDI

Blau

Reber

Penzkofer

1982

Optics Communications

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The saturable dye DDI is excited with picosecond ruby laser pulses to the S\ singlet state and the relaxation to the ground state So is determined by measuring the transmission of the exciting pulses through the sample. The relaxation time is found to be r -17 ± 3 ps for DDI dissolved in methanol. Admictures of rhodamine 6G, potassium iodide, or tetrabutylammonium iodide do not change the decay time.

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Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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S1-S0 relaxation time of saturable absorber DDI

Blau

Reber

Penzkofer

1982

Optics Communications

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“…For saturable absorbers with the absorption peak at the short-wavelength side of the laser wavelength only a fraction of molecules takes part in the absorption process. The absorption [190] 20 [191] 180 [191] [203]…”

Section: Passive Mode-locking With Saturable Absorbersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Passive Q-switching and mode-locking for the generation of nanosecond to femtosecond pulses

Penzkofer

1988

Appl. Phys. B

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Abstract. The passive and hybrid Q-switching and mode-locking of solid-state lasers, dye lasers, semiconductor lasers and gas lasers is reviewed. The dynamics of saturable absorbers and reverse saturable absorbers is illustrated. The nanosecond pulse generation by passive and hybrid Q-switching of low-gain active media is described. The picosecond and femtosecond pulse generation by passive and hybrid mode-locking in low-gain and highgain active media is analysed. The performance data of passively and hybridly mode-locked cw femtosecond dye lasers are collected. The pulse shortening of ultra-fast pulses with saturable absorbers in intra-cavity and extra-cavity configurations is discussed. PACS: 42.55The photonic switching of lasers provides an important technique to generate short light pulses in the nanosecond to femtosecond time regime. The photons generated in the laser modify the transmission of the switching elements and cause the formation of short pulses. Saturable absorbers serve as intensity or energy dependent coupling elements in most cases. But occasionally intensity and energy-dependent refractive index changes have been applied. Nanosecond light pulses are generated in passively Q-switched lasers. The passive mode-locking of laser leads to the generation of nanosecond, picosecond or femtosecond pulse trains. The actual pulse durations depend on the spectroscopic data of the active media and of the passive elements.The nonlinear response of absorbers to light radiation is introduced in the next section [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. The passive, and the hybrid Q-switching are discussed in . The passive, and the hybrid modelocking are described in Sect. 3. A distinction is made between the mode-locking of low-gain and high-gain active media [35 45]. The simultaneous Qswitching and mode-locking is discussed shortly in Sect. 4. A final section is devoted to the intra-cavity and extra-cavity pulse shortening with saturable absorbers [46][47][48][49][50].

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“…Cyanine dyes have high chemical and photochemical reactivity [6]. This material is very dangerous and has negative effects on health, which may lead to sudden death in the overdose case [7]. The silver nanoparticles/PS hybrid structure was studied by F. Giorgi's et al [8]; they found that the very low concentrations of Cy molecules from 10 −7 to 10 −8 M. The effectiveness of the substrate is firmly associated with the morphology of silver nanoparticles, which is deposited at different times.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Well Controlling of Plasmonic Features of Gold Nanoparticles on Macro Porous Silicon Substrate by HF Acid Concentration

Alwan

Naseef²,

Dheyab

2018

Plasmonics

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In this work, we fabricated an efficient macroporous silicon/gold nanoparticles (macro psi/AuNPs) hybrid structure and how well controlling of plasmonic features on macro psi/AuNPs employs them for highly sensitive detection of the very low concentration of cyanine (Cy) dyes molecules. Macro-PSi was synthesized on n-type Si wafer with 3-10 Ω. cm resistivity and 100 orientation using Photo Electro Chemical Etching (PECE) process with630 nm illumination wavelength and 30 mW/cm 2 illumination intensity. The macroPSi /AuNPs hybrid structure substrates were prepared by simple and quick dipping process of macroPSi in tetrachloroauric gold solution HAuCl 4 with different concentrations of (10

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Photochemical Characteristics of the mode-locking dyes 1,1′-diethyl-4,4′ carbocyanine iodide (cryptocayanine, DCI) and 1,1′-diethyl-2,2′ dicarb

Cited by 44 publications

References 14 publications

S1-S0 relaxation time of saturable absorber DDI

S1-S0 relaxation time of saturable absorber DDI

Passive Q-switching and mode-locking for the generation of nanosecond to femtosecond pulses

Well Controlling of Plasmonic Features of Gold Nanoparticles on Macro Porous Silicon Substrate by HF Acid Concentration

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