Photochemical aging process on PM2.5 bound PAHs emission from solid fuel combustion in traditional and improved stoves

Yue, Zhang; Sun, Jian; Zou, Haijiang; Zhang, Bin; Yang, Duoxing; Wang, Qiyuan; Jian-jun, LI; Qu, Linli; Ho, Steven Sai Hang; Cao, Junji; Shen, Zhenxing

doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2021.105807

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Previous laboratory and field studies have presented a variety of organic tracers for biomass burning. 20,24,46,51 Guaiacol is the most widely used tracer for biomass burning in the primary emission. 2,16,52 In this study, the EFs for guaiacol in the fresh PM 2.5 emitted from the biomass burning ranged from 3.80 ± 0.44 to 26.2 ± 5.40 mg•kg −1 , which were much higher than those in the coal combustions (from 0.03 ± 0.01 to 1.42 ± 0.28 mg•kg −1 ) (Table S2).…”

Section: Discovery Of New Ratios Of Source Tracersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A few combustion chamber-based emission studies measured the primary and secondary methoxyphenols and NACs in the emissions from biomass burning , but found that their stabilities were uncertain. Therefore, it is prometric to be acted as a reliable tracer in some environments. , Other on-field or laboratory-based studies focused on the quantification of methoxyphenols and NAC emissions from biomass burning, , but limited data on emission factors (EFs) were available, leading to impossible development of accurate emission inventory. Moreover, Alves et al and Sang et al proposed methoxyphenols and NACs as biomass-burning tracers because these compounds were considered direct pyrolysis products of lignin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insight into the Primary and Secondary Particle-Bound Methoxyphenols and Nitroaromatic Compound Emissions from Solid Fuel Combustion and the Updated Source Tracers

Zhang,

Shen,

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Methoxyphenols and nitroaromatic compounds (NACs) have strong atmospheric radiative forcing effects and adverse effects on human health. They are emitted from the incomplete combustion of solid fuels and are secondarily formed through photochemical reactions. Here, an on-site study was conducted to determine the primary emission and secondary formation of particulate phase products from a variety of solid fuels through a potential aerosol mass-oxidation flow reactor. Emission factors for total quantified methoxyphenols and NACs (i.e., EF ∑Methoxyphenols and EF ∑NACs ) varied by 2 orders of magnitude among different fuels, which were greatly influenced by volatile matter, incomplete combustibility, flame intensity, and combustion temperature. Guaiacol and 4-nitro-2-vinylphenol were used as tracers for primary organic aerosol due to the low aged-to-fresh ratios (0.21− 0.97), while 4-methyl-guaiacol, 4-ethyl-guaiacol, eugenol, 4-methyl-syringol, isoeugenol, acetovanillone, syringaldehyde, homovanillin acid, vanillin acid, and syringic acid were identified as secondary organic aerosol (SOA) (aged-to-fresh ratios between 1.90 and 4.20). During simulated aging, the −CHO group reacted with the hydroxyl radical (•OH) to form the −COOH group, but there was no correlation between syringol and 4-nitrosyringol, implying that •OH is the main reactant rather than the nitriate radical (•NO 3 ) in the atmospheric aging processes of methoxyphenols. Aging caused substantially different emission profiles due to variable photochemical reaction properties. The fresh EFs for guaiacol emitted from the biomass burning ranged from 3.80 ± 0.44 to 26.2 ± 5.40 mg•kg −1 , which were much higher than those in coal combustions (of 0.03 ± 0.01 to 1.42 ± 0.28 mg•kg −1 ). However, the aged EFs (EF aged ) for guaiacol was 1.02 ± 0.06 to 1.61 ± 0.11 mg•kg −1 in most biomass combustions, which were comparable with those of the bituminous chunk (1.20 ± 0.16 mg•kg −1 ). Therefore, guaiacol, a traditional biomass marker, is not an ideal tracer for aged PM 2.5 emitted from biomass burning. Indeed, the syringol/guaiacol and syringol/4-nitrosyringol ratios were found to be more suitable and efficient to be used in source characterization.

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