Photocatalytic Route for Synthesis of Hollow Porous Carbon/Pt Nanocomposites with Controllable Density and Porosity

Ng, Yun Hau; Ikeda, Shigeru; Harada, Takashi; Park, Sangin; Sakata, Takao; Mori, Hirotarô; Matsumura, Michio

doi:10.1021/cm702034w

Cited by 32 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Significantly, it resulted very active for hydrogenation reactions and its activity was completely maintained even after reuse. An interesting modification of this route, based on the use of titania as a template instead of silica, was proposed by Ng et al [61] Pt and phenol were deposited onto titania powder by means of photoirradiation to produce Pt nanoparticles surrounded by a phenolic polymer. Titania was then removed by treatment in HF to leave Pt nanoparticles encapsulated in the hollow carbon spheres.…”

Section: Platinummentioning

confidence: 99%

Embedded Phases: A Way to Active and Stable Catalysts

et al. 2010

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Industrial catalysts are typically made of nanosized metal particles, carried by a solid support. The extremely small size of the particles maximizes the surface area exposed to the reactant, leading to higher reactivity. Moreover, the higher the number of metal atoms in contact with the support, the better the catalyst performance. In addition, peculiar properties have been observed for some metal/metal oxide particles of critical sizes. However, thermal stability of these nanostructures is limited by their size; smaller the particle size, the lower the thermal stability. The ability to fabricate and control the structure of nanoparticles allows to influence the resulting properties and, ultimately, to design stable catalysts with the desired characteristics. Tuning particle sizes provides the possibility to modulate the catalytic activity. Unique and unexpected properties have been observed by confining/embedding metal nanoparticles in inorganic channels or cavities, which indeed offers new opportunities for the design of advanced catalytic sytems. Innovation in catalyst design is a powerful tool in realizing the goals of more green, efficient and sustainable industrial processes. The present Review focuses on the catalytic performance of noble metal‐ and non precious metal‐based embedded catalysts with respect to traditional impregnated systems. Emphasis is dedicated to the improved thermal stability of these nanostructures compared to conventional systems.

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Section: Platinummentioning

confidence: 99%

Embedded Phases: A Way to Active and Stable Catalysts

et al. 2010

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“…In [210] a photocatalytic method was proposed for the formation of hollow carbon spheres measuring 20-40 nm with incorporated Pt 0 nanoparticles. Essentially the method involves simultaneous photochemical deposition of platinum nanoparticles on the surface of the TiO 2 nanoparticles and polymerization of phenol.…”

Section: Photocatalytic Formation Of Metal-containing Nanoheterostrucmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photochemical formation of semiconducting nanostructures

et al. 2008

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Existing data on photochemical and photocatalytic approaches to the formation of semiconducting nanoparticles and also binary semiconducting nanostructures and nanocomposites of semiconductors with metals and polymers are reviewed. The nature of the effect of irradiation on the synthesis and properties of the obtained nanostructures and the possibility of photocatalytic control of the structural and spectral parameters of nanostructural semiconducting systems are examined.The accumulation of data on the properties of semiconducting (SC) nanomaterials, which has occurred particularly rapidly in the last 7-10 years, has opened up ever more alluring prospects for their application as light-sensitive and light-emitting components in nanophotonics [1-3], nanophotocatalysis [2,[4][5][6][7], biosensorics [8][9][10][11], and other important fields. The possibility of practical utilization is an important factor that has stimulated the search for and study of the processes involved in the formation of nanomaterials. On this account an enormous number of publications have now accumulated on the improvement of existing and development of new methods for the synthesis of semiconducting nanoparticles and nanostructures (e.g., see the reviews [6, 12-15]). A special position among them is occupied by methods based on photochemical transformations conducted either for the purpose of synthesis and directing it along a desired path or for improving the characteristics of nanostructures produced by other methods.Photochemical methods of synthesis have proved more effective than the production of nanomaterials by traditional synthetic approaches, and in a number of cases only they make it possible to achieve the assigned aim. For this reason the synthesis of semiconducting nanostructures and their modification under the conditions of photoirradiation are constantly attracting the attention of investigators, and the number of publications devoted to these questions is constantly increasing. We note, however, that they nevertheless remain disjointed.In view of the foregoing an attempt is made in the present article to organize existing data, to identify the most important directions for research and development, and thus to assess the current state of development of photochemical approaches to the formation of semiconducting nanostructures. Analysis of data on the photochemical formation and post-synthesis photochemical treatment of semiconducting nanostructures and multicomponent nanocomposites, including the nanoparticles of metals and polymers in addition to semiconductors, showed that in spite of the variety and diversity of the proposed approaches all the papers can be ascribed to only three courses: synthesis, synthesis control, and changing the characteristics of the semiconducting nanostructures. For this reason in this review photochemical approaches to the synthesis of nanoparticles of metal chalcogenides, binary semiconducting nanostructures, and nanocomposites consisting of semiconducting and conducting polymers are examin...

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“…Interestingly, the working mechanism and device structure of the recently developed PSCs are very similar to those of DSCs, and it is particularly important to note that the use of TiO 2 in both solar cells is critical to achieve high performance [6]. In fact, TiO 2 is a versatile semiconducting material that has widely been used in photocatalytic applications associated with energy and environmental research fields [7][8][9][10][11]. In DSCs and PSCs, thin and compact TiO 2 blocking layers added onto the conductive substrates act as an electron transport layer (ETL) by efficiently separating and transferring charges because the conduction and valence band positions of TiO 2 , interfacing with the active semiconducting layers, are ideal to selectively transfer electrons and block holes, generated from the active layers including dyes or perovskites as a sensitiser.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

One-Dimensional TiO2 Nanostructured Photoanodes: From Dye-Sensitised Solar Cells to Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2016

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This review presents one dimensional (1D) TiO 2 nanostructured photoanodes for next generation solar cells such as dye-sensitised solar cells (DSCs) and perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Due to the unique morphological properties, 1D TiO 2 nanostructures can act as express electron channels as well as light scattering layer, leading to improved charge transport properties, such as charge separation, electron injection, and electron lifetime, and light harvesting efficiency. As 1D TiO 2 nanostructures are applied to solar cells, 1D TiO 2 nanostructures should be further modified to overcome some drawbacks. In this review, we have described some solutions by introducing various 1D TiO 2 synthetic methods and device fabrication processes for solar cell applications, where we have described some important surface engineering and hierarchical device design strategies that facilitate charge transport and light utilisation in 1D TiO 2 nanostructured photoanode system.

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Photocatalytic Route for Synthesis of Hollow Porous Carbon/Pt Nanocomposites with Controllable Density and Porosity

Cited by 32 publications

References 38 publications

Embedded Phases: A Way to Active and Stable Catalysts

Embedded Phases: A Way to Active and Stable Catalysts

Photochemical formation of semiconducting nanostructures

One-Dimensional TiO2 Nanostructured Photoanodes: From Dye-Sensitised Solar Cells to Perovskite Solar Cells

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