Photocatalytic Oxidation of Natural Organic Matter in Water

Gowland, D.; Robertson, Neil; Chatzisymeon, Efthalia

doi:10.3390/w13030288

Cited by 27 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 159 publications

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“…Depending on the number of electrons (2e − , 4e − , 6e − , and 8e − , respectively) and protons involved in the reactions (Eq. 10-14), the products of CO 2 reduction include carbon monoxide (CO, −0.53 eV), formic acid (HCOOH, −0.61 eV), formaldehyde (HCHO, −0.48 eV), methanol (CH 3 OH, −0.38 eV), CH 4 (−0.24 eV), and other hydrocarbons [83][84][85], as depicted in Fig. 6 [181].…”

Section: Fundamental Mechanism For Co 2 Reduction Over Mxenesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harnessing the power of MXenes: a comprehensive exploration of their photocatalytic potential in mitigating hazardous dyes and CO2 reduction

Gulzar,

Haleem,

Rehman

et al. 2024

Discov Mater

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This comprehensive review extensively explores the potential applications of MXenes as versatile materials in the realm of photocatalysis, with a specific focus on their efficacy in mitigating hazardous dyes and CO2 to less harmful and friendly by-products. The review systematically investigates the unique properties that render MXenes well-suited for photocatalytic purposes and provides a thorough examination of their current state of research. It meticulously summarizes the successes and breakthroughs achieved thus far, offering insights into the advancements that have propelled these materials into the spotlight of photocatalytic research. In addition to highlighting achievements, the review critically addresses the challenges and hurdles that impede the full realization of the potential inherent in MXenes. Here, we have also highlighted the stability problem of MXenes and how to overcome this problem for efficient photocatalysis. The mechanism of photocatalysis was also the main theme of this review article and how to overcome the recombination of photogenerated charges. By identifying these challenges, the review serves as a valuable resource for researchers, providing a roadmap for future endeavours to unlock the untapped capabilities of these materials. It serves as a beacon for environmental researchers, offering valuable insights into the pivotal role these materials can play in creating a more environmentally friendly and safe world. Ultimately, this review contributes significantly to the collective knowledge base and will prove instrumental for researchers and professionals dedicated to environmental protection and sustainable living. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Fundamental Mechanism For Co 2 Reduction Over Mxenesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harnessing the power of MXenes: a comprehensive exploration of their photocatalytic potential in mitigating hazardous dyes and CO2 reduction

Gulzar,

Haleem,

Rehman

et al. 2024

Discov Mater

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“…However, these conventional oxidation processes are characterized by some limitations such as byproduct formation, the use of expensive oxidants, and sludge production [11]. To overcome these drawbacks, alternative oxidation processes are preferred, such as heterogeneous photocatalysis, which is widely used for the removal of water pollutants [20][21][22][23][24][25]. In particular, the TiO 2 photocatalyst is shown particularly performing for As(III) oxidation without the addition of chemicals other than dissolved O 2 [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gadolinium-Doped Bismuth Ferrite for the Photocatalytic Oxidation of Arsenite to Arsenate under Visible Light

Chianese,

Guastella,

Tammaro

et al. 2024

Catalysts

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Arsenic in drinking water is one of the most concerning problems nowadays due to its high toxicity. The aim of this work is the photocatalytic oxidation of As(III) to As(V) under visible light. This study is focused on the use of gadolinium-doped bismuth ferrite as a photocatalyst active under visible light. Different gadolinium amounts were evaluated (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10 mol%), and 2 mol% resulted in the best gadolinium amount to reach higher photocatalytic efficiency in terms of As(V) production. The samples were thoroughly characterized in their optical, structural, and morphological properties. The results allowed us to identify an optimal concentration of gadolinium equal to 2 mol%. The reactive oxygen species most responsible for the photocatalytic mechanism, evaluated through the addition of radical scavengers, were O2−● and e−. Finally, a photocatalytic test was performed with a drinking water sample polluted by As(III), showing photocatalytic performance similar to distilled water. Therefore, gadolinium-doped bismuth ferrite can be considered an efficient catalytic material for the oxidation of As(III) to As(V) under visible light.

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“…Within the area of AOPs, photocatalysis is an up-and-coming area of research given recent advancements in UV LEDs, leading to reduced operational costs and environmental impacts as well as increased energy efficiency [3,4]. Ongoing research on the photocatalytic removal of natural organic matter (NOM) is based on the use of TiO 2 semiconductors as sensitisers for light-induced redox processes [5,6]. However, from a practical standpoint, photocatalysis is yet to be widely rolled out as a method of water treatment, with research focussing more on catalyst design and specific pollutant targets rather than real water simulations [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life Cycle Assessment of Immobilised and Slurry Photocatalytic Systems for Removal of Natural Organic Matter in Water

Gowland,

Robertson,

Chatzisymeon

2024

Environments

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This study investigates the environmental impacts caused by the scaling up of the photocatalytic purification of drinking water using ultraviolet light-emitting diode technology. The life cycle assessment methodology was utilised to estimate the environmental impacts of two different reactor setups commonly used in lab-scale studies: an immobilised and a suspended TiO2 catalytic system. The functional unit adopted was the treatment of 1 L of water with an initial 7.8 mg/L concentration of natural organic matter, achieving a final 1 mg/L concentration. The use of a suspended photocatalyst was found to have an environmental footprint that was 87% lower than that of the immobilised one. From the sensitivity analysis, the environmental hotspots of the treatment process were the electricity usage and immobilised catalyst production. Therefore, alternative scenarios investigating the use of a renewable electricity mix and recyclable materials were explored to enhance the environmental performance of the photocatalytic treatment process. Using a renewable electricity mix, a decrease of 55% and 15% for the suspended and immobilised catalyst, respectively, was observed. Additionally, the process of recycling the glass used to support the immobilised catalyst achieved a maximum reduction of 22% in the environmental impact from the original scenario, with 100 glass reuses appearing to provide diminishing returns on the environmental impact savings.

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Photocatalytic Oxidation of Natural Organic Matter in Water

Cited by 27 publications

References 159 publications

Harnessing the power of MXenes: a comprehensive exploration of their photocatalytic potential in mitigating hazardous dyes and CO2 reduction

Harnessing the power of MXenes: a comprehensive exploration of their photocatalytic potential in mitigating hazardous dyes and CO2 reduction

Gadolinium-Doped Bismuth Ferrite for the Photocatalytic Oxidation of Arsenite to Arsenate under Visible Light

Life Cycle Assessment of Immobilised and Slurry Photocatalytic Systems for Removal of Natural Organic Matter in Water

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