Photocatalytic degradation of carbamazepine and three derivatives using TiO2 and ZnO: Effect of pH, ionic strength, and natural organic matter

A review of solar and visible light active TiO2 photocatalysis for treating bacteria, cyanotoxins and contaminants of emerging concern

“…Using solar irradiation, Haroune et al were able to show effective degradation of CBZ and three of its metabolites; carbamazepine epoxide (CBZ-E), acridine (AI) and acridone (AO), using TiO 2 photocatalysis. They further suggested that the impact of factors such as pH, ionic strength and natural organic matter play a role in either enhancing or inhibiting this removal [115]. Efforts to shift the band gap of TiO 2 to the visible region were also explored to enhance the CBZ degradation under solar conditions.…”

Effect of water matrix on photocatalytic degradation and general kinetic modeling

“…Humic acids are common substances derived from organic matter decomposition, so often appear in environmental waters at low concentrations, most often below 10 mg/L [14]. Hence, the photocatalytic degradation of CFA was tested for humic acid sodium salt (HAS).…”

“…On the other hand, despite the fact that heterogeneous photocatalysis has been studied for some years now, it is still considered a promising treatment technology for eliminating organic micropollutants from water [12][13][14]. Its attractiveness relies on its ability to degrade organic chemicals into innocuous end products.…”

The effect of humic acids on the removal of atrazine from water in a continuous photocatalytic membrane reactor

“…Another paper by Andreozzi et al, (2002) reported the inhibition of the photodegradation of carbamazepine in the presence of HA. Such inhibition was not observed by Haroune et al, (2014) when TiO 2 was used as catalyst; however these authors observed an inhibition by humic acids and tannic acids in the presence of ZnO. These contradictory results are probably linked to the different type of NOM and experimental conditions used in each work.…”