Photocatalytic process has been applied to the treatment of air pollutants. It is necessary to enhance the photocatalytic activity of TiO 2 and design of photocatalytic system, for the practical application. The practical aspects for the application of TiO 2 were discussed. Various species, such as transition metal ion, noble metal, metal oxide, and anion, could modify the surface of TiO 2 and improve the photocatalytic activity. Photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) system was very effective for the enhancement of photoactivity by applying a high voltage onto TiO 2 surface. It showed better photocatalytic activity for decomposition of various air pollutants and bacteria than TiO 2 photocatalysts. To apply the photocatalysts in a real environment, the stable immobilization of the catalyst on various substrates, such as steal plate, membrane, glass fiber, and so on, was very important. Based on these modified and/or immobilized TiO 2 , photocatalysis has been widely used in aircleaning systems.