Photocatalytic activity of nitrogen doped TiO2 nanotubes prepared by anodic oxidation: The effect of applied voltage, anodization time and amount of nitrogen dopant

Mazierski, Paweł; Nischk, Michał; Gołkowska, Marta; Lisowski, Wojciech; Gazda, Maria; Winiarski, Michał J.; Klimczuk, Tomasz; Zaleska-Medynska, Adriana

doi:10.1016/j.apcatb.2016.05.006

Cited by 117 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 74 publications

(96 reference statements)

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“…In a recent publication by Mazierski et al [37], the N 1 s signal at 400.7 eV is assigned to doping in the form of O-Ti-N and/or Ti-O-N, and a number of relevant works are cited. On the other hand, Varghese et al [26,38] repeatedly points out that substitutional N doping is evidenced with N 1 s peaks at binding energies of about 397 eV.…”

Section: Chemical Composition Of the Tntsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the photoelectrochemical properties of C, N, F codoped TiO 2 nanotubes of different lengths

Chatzitakis

Grandcolas

et al. 2017

Catalysis Today

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a b s t r a c tThe aim of this work has been the photoelectrochemical (PEC) study of nanostructured photoanodes based on TiO 2 . Highly ordered and well adhered TiO 2 nanotubes (TNTs) of different lengths (∼2-20 m) were prepared in a two-step process in ethylene glycol solutions containing fluorides, and detailed XPS analysis showed that they have become co-doped with C, N and F. PEC measurements revealed that increasing surface area is not followed by increase in the photoconversion efficiency, but rather that an optimal balance between electroactive surface area (ESA) and charge carrier concentration exists. TNTs of around 10 m show the optimum incident photon-to-current efficiency (IPCE) of ∼33% and an overall photoconversion efficiency of ∼6.3% under UV illumination of 4 mW cm −2 light intensity. Finally, Mott-Schottky analysis revealed significant frequency dispersion of the estimated space charge layer capacitance, which renders the accurate estimation of the flatband position and charge carrier concentration unreliable. On the other hand, more realistic charge carrier concentrations can be obtained by normalizing the capacitance per ESA.

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Section: Chemical Composition Of the Tntsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the photoelectrochemical properties of C, N, F codoped TiO 2 nanotubes of different lengths

Chatzitakis

Grandcolas

et al. 2017

Catalysis Today

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“…[2][3][4][5] Semiconductor photocatalysts can generate energizede lectrons and holes under light illumination to induce relevant chemical reactions, such as water splitting and CO 2 fixation to convert solar energy into chemicalf uels. [6,7] Althoughm any approaches have been developedt oi ncreaset he photocatalytic performance of TiO 2 ,i ncluding anionic or cationic doping, [8][9][10] coupling with other semiconductors, [11,12] surface-area enhancement, [13,14] as well as quantum size confinement, [15,16] its visible-light photocatalytic activity is still too low for practical application. The search for highly active photocatalysts has thus been an ongoing endeavor across the world.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbonyl‐Grafted g‐C₃N₄ Porous Nanosheets for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution

Zhang

2017

Chemistry An Asian Journal

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Carbonyl-grafted g-C N porous nanosheets (COCNPNS) were fabricated by means of a two-step thermal process using melamine and oxalic acid as starting reagents. The combination of melamine with oxalic acid to form a melamine-oxalic acid supramolecule as a precursor is key to synthesizing carbonyl-grafted g-C N . The bulk carbonyl-grafted g-C N (COCN) was further thermally etched onto porous nanosheets by O under air. In such a process, the carbonyl groups were partly removed and the obtained sample showed remarkably enhanced visible-light harvesting and promoted the separation and transfer of photogenerated electrons and holes. With its unique porous structure and enhanced light-harvesting capability, under visible-light illumination (λ>420 nm) the prepared COCNPNS exhibited a superior photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate of 83.6 μmol h , which is 26 times that of the p-CN obtained directly from thermal polycondensation of melamine.

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“…Maximum intensity of the PL peaks belongs to the TiO 2 nanotubes grown for 3 h, which could be due to the fact that it is significant damage compare to the other samples. Wellaligned TiO 2 nanotubes without any damage can enable a convenient and rapid pathway for charge transport, decreasing the carrier path length so as a consequence can reduce recombination losses and in the other words results in reduced number of the recombination centers [40]. However, in the damaged TiO 2 nanotubes the carrier path length can increase and as a result the number of recombination centers increases.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So the PL peaks intensity of the damaged nanotubes can be higher than that of nanotubes without any damage. It is known that band gap energy of the anodic TiO 2 nanotubes decreases with increasing anodization time [40]; it could be due to tube length increase. Therefore, it is expected that the TiO 2 nanotubes grown for 3 h had the minimum band gap energy, but the tubes grown for 1 h have the minimum band gap energy (about 2.9 eV).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced physical properties of the anodic TiO2 nanotubes via proper anodization time

2018

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Vertically aligned titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) nanotubes were synthesized by electrochemical anodic oxidation in an electrolyte solution containing 0.45 wt% ammonium fluoride (NH 4 F) and 2 vol% deionized water at constant potential (70 V) for various anodization time at the room temperature. The influence of the anodization time on the morphology and optical properties of the anodic TiO 2 nanotubes have been studied. Field emission scanning electron microscopy results revealed that the anodic TiO 2 nanotube morphology extremely depends on the anodization time. It was observed that by increasing anodization time, length of the anodic TiO 2 nanotubes increased and nanotubes destroyed at the top of the tubes. After a long time of anodization process (9 h), nanotubes completely destroyed. Photoluminescence measurements showed that the anodic TiO 2 nanotube band gap energy depends on the anodic TiO 2 nanotube morphology. The anodic TiO 2 nanotubes without any damage had a minimum band gap energy (2.9 eV).

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Photocatalytic activity of nitrogen doped TiO2 nanotubes prepared by anodic oxidation: The effect of applied voltage, anodization time and amount of nitrogen dopant

Cited by 117 publications

References 74 publications

Assessing the photoelectrochemical properties of C, N, F codoped TiO 2 nanotubes of different lengths

Assessing the photoelectrochemical properties of C, N, F codoped TiO 2 nanotubes of different lengths

Carbonyl‐Grafted g‐C₃N₄ Porous Nanosheets for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution

Enhanced physical properties of the anodic TiO2 nanotubes via proper anodization time

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Photocatalytic activity of nitrogen doped TiO2 nanotubes prepared by anodic oxidation: The effect of applied voltage, anodization time and amount of nitrogen dopant

Cited by 117 publications

References 74 publications

Assessing the photoelectrochemical properties of C, N, F codoped TiO 2 nanotubes of different lengths

Assessing the photoelectrochemical properties of C, N, F codoped TiO 2 nanotubes of different lengths

Carbonyl‐Grafted g‐C3N4 Porous Nanosheets for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution

Enhanced physical properties of the anodic TiO2 nanotubes via proper anodization time

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Carbonyl‐Grafted g‐C₃N₄ Porous Nanosheets for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution