Photocatalysts synthesized via plant mediated extracts for degradation of organic compounds: A review of formation mechanisms and application in wastewater treatment

Joseph, Angel; Vijayanandan, Arya

doi:10.1016/j.scp.2021.100453

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Even though, that these phytochemicals are mainly used as reduction agents, they can also possess photoactivity and can be used as photocatalysts. However, further researches should be conducted in the future to identify these main constituents responsible for this activity, due to the lack of knowledge about these processes [27,32]. The characteristics and efficiency of the green synthesized photoactive nanoparticles are presented in the Table 3.…”

Section: Green Synthesis Of Tio 2 and Zno Nanoparticles Based On Vari...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the agglomeration/aggregation may cause the formation of new surface states at the level of contact between particles, resulting in a change of the photon absorption and of the quantum yield, which is not directly related to the primary properties of the nanomaterials [26]. This phenomena can be successfully avoided by using plant extracts, since the biomolecules can also act as capping or stabilizing agents, so they reduce the possible formation of agglomerates and improve the catalytic activity [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sustainable Green Nanotechnologies for Innovative Purifications of Water: Synthesis of the Nanoparticles from Renewable Sources

2022

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Polluting the natural water resources is a serious global issue, which is confirmed by the fact that today at least 2 billion people consume water from contaminated sources. The conventional wastewater treatment methods cannot effectively remove the persistent pollutants (e.g., drugs, organic dyes, pesticides) from the aqueous environment. Heterogeneous photocatalysis is a promising and sustainable alternative for water remediation. It is based on the interaction between light irradiation and the semiconductors (e.g., TiO2, ZnO) as photocatalysts, but these compounds, unfortunately, have some disadvantages. Hence, great attention has been paid to the nanotechnology as a possible way of improvement. Nanomaterials have extraordinary properties; however, their conventional synthesis is often difficult and requires a significant amount of dangerous chemicals. This concise topical review gives recent updates and trends in development of sustainable and green pathways in the synthesis of nanomaterials, as well as in their application for water remediation. In our review we put emphasis on the eco-friendly, mostly plant extract-based materials. The importance of this topic, including this study as well, is proved by the growing number of publications since 2018. Due to the current serious environmental issues (e.g., global warming, shortage of pure and quality water), it is necessary for the traditional TiO2 and ZnO semiconductors to be replaced with the harmless, non-toxic, and more powerful nanocomposites as photocatalysts. Not only because of their higher efficiency as compared to the bulk semiconductors, but also because of the presence of biomolecules that can add up to the pollutant removal efficiency, which has been already confirmed in many researches. However, despite the fact that the application of heterogeneous photocatalysis together with green nanotechnology is absolutely the future in water purification, there are some challenges which have to be overcome. The exact effects of the biomolecules obtained from plants in the synthesis of nanoparticles, as well as in the photocatalytic processes, are not exactly known and require further investigation. Furthermore, heterogeneous photocatalysis is a well-known and commonly examined process; however, its practical use outside the laboratory is expensive and difficult. Thus, it has to be simplified and improved in order to be available for everyone. The aim of our review is to suggest and prove that using these bio-inspired compounds it is possible to reduce human footprint in the nature.

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Section: Green Synthesis Of Tio 2 and Zno Nanoparticles Based On Vari...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Green Nanotechnologies for Innovative Purifications of Water: Synthesis of the Nanoparticles from Renewable Sources

2022

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“…Photocatalysis, among various water waste treatment technologies, has been acknowledged as a viable approach for water waste treatment within Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOP) with a catalyst due to its cost-effectiveness, environmental compatibility, lack of polycyclic hydrocarbon emissions, and ability to address various issues related to environmental pollution, particularly in resource-constrained conditions [18,24,25]. This process is applied using photocatalytic materials through chemical reactions triggered by the absorption of photon energy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing the photocatalytic performance of SnO₂ nanoparticles for methylene blue removal with variation in calcination temperatures

Nurhidayah,

Yuwono,

Septiningrum

et al. 2024

E3S Web of Conf.

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In recent years, numerous studies have been conducted to combine tin oxide (SnO2) with various semiconductor materials to boost its photocatalytic efficiency for water waste treatment, with minimal emphasis placed on intensifying the intrinsic capabilities of pure SnO2. The primary objective of this study is to enhance the photocatalytic efficiency of pure SnO2 nanoparticles (NPs) by modifying their morphology, structural, and optical properties. The SnO2 NPs were synthesized using precipitation method, followed by a calcination process at varying temperatures (non-calcined, 300 °C, and 500 °C). The changes in properties of SnO2 NPs were investigated utilizing X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), particle size analysis (PSA), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. The results indicated that elevating the calcination temperature up to 500 °C resulted in an increase in both the average crystallite size (up to 10.50 nm) and crystallinity (up to 85.28 %). However, the highest photocatalytic efficiency for methylene blue degradation of 84.78 % was obtained from the SnO2 NPs calcined at 300 °C sample exhibiting the largest surface area of 83.97 m2g-1. This study affirms that the specific surface area of SnO2 NPs is a critical factor in their efficacy for degrading dye-contaminated water waste.

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“…Such phytochemicals act as the reducing agent to convert the metal salt to the atomic metal state and used as the capping agent to stabilize the particles in the dispersing medium to prevent agglomeration during the synthesis process [ 44 ]. On the other hand, the biomediated synthesis method using plant extracts is more advantageous because it does not require hazardous and expensive chemicals and can be processed with low energy [ 37 , 42 , 45 ]. Due to this reason, different reported literature utilized the plant extract-mediated method for enhancing the photocatalytic performance of the catalysts [ 42 , 46 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, the biomediated synthesis method using plant extracts is more advantageous because it does not require hazardous and expensive chemicals and can be processed with low energy [ 37 , 42 , 45 ]. Due to this reason, different reported literature utilized the plant extract-mediated method for enhancing the photocatalytic performance of the catalysts [ 42 , 46 ]. For instance, Hamad Sadiq et al synthesized ZnO nanoparticles using Syzygium cumini plant leaves extract with a biogenic synthesis approach and used for photocatalytic application [ 47 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogenic Synthesis of Cu‐Doped ZnO Photocatalyst for the Removal of Organic Dye

Lemecho

Sabir

Andoshe

et al. 2022

Bioinorganic Chemistry and Applications

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The Cu-doped ZnO photocatalysts were prepared with a green and coprecipitation approach by using water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) aquatic plant extract. In the preparation process, different amount of copper precursors such as 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5% of molar ratio were added to zinc nitrate precursors and abbreviated as Cu-ZnO (1%), Cu-ZnO (2%), Cu-ZnO (3%), Cu-ZnO (4%), and Cu-ZnO (5%), respectively. The characterization of the obtained samples was carried out, and the removal of the methylene blue (MB) dye was examined. Out of all catalysts, Cu-ZnO (3%) had the best photocatalytic performance and 89% of the MB dye was degraded. However, the degradation performances of blank (without catalysts), ZnO, Cu-ZnO (1%), Cu-ZnO (2%), Cu-ZnO (4%), and Cu-ZnO (5%) catalysts were 6, 54, 69, 83, 80, and 73%, respectively. Therefore, the use of water hyacinth plant extract with the optimum amount of Cu added to ZnO during the preparation of the catalyst could have a promising application in the degradation of organic pollutants.

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Photocatalysts synthesized via plant mediated extracts for degradation of organic compounds: A review of formation mechanisms and application in wastewater treatment

Cited by 15 publications

References 138 publications

Sustainable Green Nanotechnologies for Innovative Purifications of Water: Synthesis of the Nanoparticles from Renewable Sources

Sustainable Green Nanotechnologies for Innovative Purifications of Water: Synthesis of the Nanoparticles from Renewable Sources

Optimizing the photocatalytic performance of SnO₂ nanoparticles for methylene blue removal with variation in calcination temperatures

Biogenic Synthesis of Cu‐Doped ZnO Photocatalyst for the Removal of Organic Dye

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Photocatalysts synthesized via plant mediated extracts for degradation of organic compounds: A review of formation mechanisms and application in wastewater treatment

Cited by 15 publications

References 138 publications

Sustainable Green Nanotechnologies for Innovative Purifications of Water: Synthesis of the Nanoparticles from Renewable Sources

Sustainable Green Nanotechnologies for Innovative Purifications of Water: Synthesis of the Nanoparticles from Renewable Sources

Optimizing the photocatalytic performance of SnO2 nanoparticles for methylene blue removal with variation in calcination temperatures

Biogenic Synthesis of Cu‐Doped ZnO Photocatalyst for the Removal of Organic Dye

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Optimizing the photocatalytic performance of SnO₂ nanoparticles for methylene blue removal with variation in calcination temperatures