Photobiomodulation (PBMT) and Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) In Oral Manifestations of Patients Infected by SARS-CoV-2: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Introduction: In 2019, a viral and respiratory pathology called COVID-19 emerged in Wuhan, China and spread to other continents. Its main symptoms include fever, cough, dyspnea, myalgia, anorexia and respiratory distress in the most severe cases, which can lead to death. Furthermore, manifestations in the oral cavity such as ageusia and dysgeusia, as well as lesions in other regions of the oral cavity, can be observed.Objective: Are Photobiomodulation (PBM) and Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) effective to treat oral manifestations of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2?Methodology: It was defined following the PRISMA guidelines (Preferred Report on Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis), and registered in the database in the International Prospective Registry of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO), including articles published between December 2019 to May 2021, Independent reviewers selected studies, qualitatively extracted data, assessed risk of bias using the Joanna Briggs Institute, assessed certainty of evidence through meta-analysis.Results: Of the 5,959 articles found, 32 fit the types of studies, but only 5 of them attended the pre-established criteria. Data corresponding to the articles, protocols used and clinical outcome were extracted, then submitted to qualitative and descriptive analysis. The results show favoring the associated use of PBMT with aPDT (p=0.004), and the isolated use of PBMT with the result of significant “p=0.005” and good confidence interval (7.18, 39.20) in ulcerative lesions, herpetic, aphthous, erythematous, petechiae and necrotic areas.Conclusion: According to the articles included in this review, PBMT and aPDT were effective in the treatment of oral lesions of patients infected with COVID-19 in a short period of time.

Photodynamic therapy and Photobiomodulation as adjuvant treatment of oral and facial manifestations in patients with COVID-19 hospitalized in the intensive care unit: a case series

“…Additionally, aPDT and PBMT are non-invasive techniques that may be used safely in patients with a wide range of underlying diseases and comorbidities because of their high decontamination capacity (Pacheco et al, 2022). Furthemore, it is important to emphasize the use of medications and other types of treatment associated with this adjunct therapy in orofacial ulcerated lesions in hospitalized patients, as example, Acyclovir (Teixeira et al, 2021).…”

O Uso Da Terapia Fotodinâmica No Controle Dos Sintomos Do Herpes Labial

“…Devido à sua seletividade e simplicidade terapêutica, a TFD possui menos danos aos tecidos adjacentes, pouco efeito colateral, sendo indolor e de baixo custo, acarretando uma boa tolerância entre os pacientes e um método propício para o herpes labial (PIRES et al, 2022;AIRES-FERNANDES et al, 2022;WAINGADE et al, 2022;PACHECO et al, 2022;FEKRAZAD, 2020;KWIATKOWSK et al, 2018)…”

Contribuições científicas em odontologia: pesquisas, práticas e novos paradigmas

“…O HSV-1 é caracterizado por ser um DNA de fita dupla, constituído de uma bicamada lipídica (envelopado) e glicoproteínas virais (WOUK et al, 2021). A TFD em um vírus envelopado é mais sensível e causa danos ao DNA e às estruturas lipídicas/proteicas da membrana viral (PACHECO et al, 2022;SVYATCHENKO et al, 2021).…”

“…A terapia a laser de baixa intensidade através das suas respostas citotóxicas induz ou inibe a função celular/tecidual, o que leva a efeitos clínicos e promove ação antiinflamatória, antiedematosa, analgésica e cicatrizante (PACHECO et al, 2022;RAZZAGHI et al, 2020). A fotoinativação do HSV-1 com azul de metileno (MB) tem demonstrado resultados favoráveis, pois opera especificamente via dano ao ácido nucleico viral, fragmentando o DNA (RAMALHO et al, 2021).…”