Photobiomodulation-Activated Latent Transforming Growth Factor-β1: A Critical Clinical Therapeutic Pathway and an Endogenous Optogenetic Tool for Discovery

Arany, Praveen R.

doi:10.1089/photob.2021.0109

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 114 publications

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“…31 The ability to activate latent TGF-β1 using PBM treatments provides an unprecedented tool to explore its endogenous roles with exquisite spatiotemporal precision. 7 This study observed significant perturbations in TGF-β1 levels in the serum (circulatory), especially after PBM treatments in AC8 mice. The precise roles of TGF-β1 in these pathophysiological contexts remain to be fully elucidated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…The protective roles of TGF‐β in maintaining tissue homeostasis have been attributed to both its immune‐modulatory signaling and pro‐regenerative responses 31 . The ability to activate latent TGF‐β1 using PBM treatments provides an unprecedented tool to explore its endogenous roles with exquisite spatiotemporal precision 7 . This study observed significant perturbations in TGF‐β1 levels in the serum (circulatory), especially after PBM treatments in AC8 mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…PBM has been noted to activate endogenous latent TGF‐β1 to promote repair and regeneration 4 . Interestingly, PBM appears to invoke a delicate balance between the pathophysiological roles of endogenous TGF‐β1 as evident in its ability to promote tissue healing versus scarring 5–7 . There have also been significant recent insights into PBM dosimetry, safety, and efficacy biomarkers enabling its rationalized clinical implementation 8 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 Interestingly, PBM appears to invoke a delicate balance between the pathophysiological roles of endogenous TGF-β1 as evident in its ability to promote tissue healing versus scarring. [5][6][7] There have also been significant recent insights into PBM dosimetry, safety, and efficacy biomarkers enabling its rationalized clinical implementation. 8 With respect to cardiovascular diseases, the therapeutic benefits of PBM therapy against ischemia-perfusion injury, myocardial infarction, hypertension, stroke, myocardial infarction, and aortic aneurysm formation have been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photobiomodulation therapy mitigates cardiovascular aging and improves survival

Syed¹,

Ahmet²,

Chakir³

et al. 2023

Lasers Surg Med

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Background: Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy, a form of low-dose light therapy, has been noted to be effective in several age-associated chronic diseases such as hypertension and atherosclerosis. Here, we examined the effects of PBM therapy on age-associated cardiovascular changes in a mouse model of accelerated cardiac aging. Methods: Fourteen months old Adenylyl cyclase type VIII (AC8) overexpressing transgenic mice (n = 8) and their wild-type (WT) littermates (n = 8) were treated with daily exposure to Near-Infrared Light (850 nm) at 25 mW/cm 2 for 2 min each weekday for a total dose of 1 Einstein (4.5 p.J/cm 2 or fluence 3 J/cm 2 ) and compared to untreated controls over an 8-month period. PBM therapy was administered for 3.5 months (Early Treatment period), paused, due to Covid-19 restrictions for the following 3 months, and restarted again for 1.5 months. Serial echocardiography and gait analyses were performed at monthly intervals, and serum TGF-β1 levels were assessed following sacrifice. Results: During the Early Treatment period PBM treatments: reduced the ageassociated increases in left ventricular (LV) mass in both genotypes (p = 0.0003), reduced the LV end-diastolic volume (EDV) in AC8 (p = 0.04); and reduced the left atrial dimension in both genotypes (p = 0.02). PBM treatments substantially increased the LV ejection fraction (p = 0.03), reduced the aortic wall stiffness (p = 0.001), and improved gait symmetry, an index of neuro-muscular coordination (p = 0.005). The effects of PBM treatments, measured following the pause, persisted. Total TGF-β1 levels were significantly increased in circulation (serum) in AC8 following PBM treatments (p = 0.01). We observed a striking increase in cumulative survival in PBM-treated AC8 mice (100%; p = 0.01) compared to untreated AC8 mice (43%). Conclusion: PBM treatment mitigated age-associated cardiovascular remodeling and reduced cardiac function, improved neuromuscular coordination, and increased longevity in an experimental animal model. These responses correlate with increased TGF-β1 in circulation. Future mechanistic and dose optimization studies are necessary to assess these anti-aging effects of PBM, and validation in future controlled human studies is required for effective clinical translation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Photobiomodulation therapy mitigates cardiovascular aging and improves survival

Syed¹,

Ahmet²,

Chakir³

et al. 2023

Lasers Surg Med

Self Cite

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“…However, studies on light treatment at visual wavelengths through the skin were not found to be effective in treating mood or affecting the circadian system [71]. The evidence for direct modulation of the cytokines IFN-γ and TNF-α levels in this study raises interesting possibilities of other systemic factors that are being directly modulated by PBM treatments, as has been shown with TGF-β1 [72]. Moreover, several studies report that pro-inflammatory cytokines play an important role in the brain in the pathogenesis of mood disorders [73][74][75].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Effects of Near-Infrared Light on Well-Being and Health in Human Subjects with Mild Sleep-Related Complaints: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study

Giménez

Luxwolda

Stipriaan

et al. 2022

Biology

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Modern urban human activities are largely restricted to the indoors, deprived of direct sunlight containing visible and near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths at high irradiance levels. Therapeutic exposure to doses of red and NIR, known as photobiomodulation (PBM), has been effective for a broad range of conditions. In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study, we aimed to assess the effects of a PBM home set-up on various aspects of well-being, health, sleep, and circadian rhythms in healthy human subjects with mild sleep complaints. The effects of three NIR light (850 nm) doses (1, 4, or 6.5 J·cm−2) were examined against the placebo. Exposure was presented five days per week between 9:30 am and 12:30 pm for four consecutive weeks. The study was conducted in both summer and winter to include seasonal variation. The results showed PBM treatment only at 6.5 J·cm−2 to have consistent positive benefits on well-being and health, specifically improving mood, reducing drowsiness, reducing IFN-γ, and resting heart rate. This was only observed in winter. No significant effects on sleep or circadian rhythms were noted. This study provides further evidence that adequate exposure to NIR, especially during low sunlight conditions, such as in the winter, can be beneficial for human health and wellness.

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