Photobacterium aquimaris sp. nov., a luminous marine bacterium isolated from seawater

Abstract

Two luminous marine bacteria, strains LC2-065T and LC2-102, were isolated from seawater at Sagami Bay in Japan. These bacteria were Gram-negative, oxidase-negative, catalase-positive, motile and coccoid-rods. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) using six loci (ftsZ, gapA, gyrB, mreB, pyrH and topA) and sequence analysis of the alpha subunit of luciferase (luxA) gene revealed that these bacteria were distinct from other species of the genus Photobacterium. These novel strains were most closely related to Photobacterium kishitanii. The DNA-DNA hybridization value between strain LC2-065 T and Photobacterium kishitanii ATCC BAA-1194 T was 42.1 %. The major fatty acids were C 12 : 0, C 14 : 0 , C 16 : 0 , C 18 : 0 and C 15 : 0 iso 2-OH and/or C 16 : 1 v7c (summed feature 3). The DNA G+C contents of strains LC2-065 T and LC2-086 were 42.2 and 42.9 mol%, respectively. The phenotypic features of the novel strains were similar to those of P. kishitanii and P. phosphoreum, but there were sufficient physiological differences for the novel strains to be easily differentiated. On the basis of these results, these new strains represent a novel species, for which the name Photobacterium aquimaris sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is LC2-065 T (5NBRC 104633The genus Photobacterium was first described by Beijerinck (1889). At present, the genus comprises 19 species and five species in this genus contain luminous strains: Photobacterium phosphoreum (Reichelt & Baumann, 1973) Thompson et al., 2007a;Wada et al., 2006).In this study, two luminescent strains were isolated from seawater and analysed using 16S rRNA, the alpha-subunit of luciferase (luxA), uridylate kinase (pyrH), a cell division protein (ftsZ), a rod shaping protein (mreB), the DNA gyrase B-subunit (gyrB), topoisomerase I (topA) and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapA) gene sequences. Based on the phylogenetic analyses, the novel strains formed a tight cluster in which no recognized type species of the genus Photobacterium was grouped. This suggests that the new isolates represent a novel species of the genus Photobacterium. Therefore, we conducted a series of analyses to fully identify these isolates. Based on the results of phylogenetic and physiological and analyses, these strains are proposed to represent a novel species. T and LC2-086 were isolated from samples collected at a depth of 50 m, 15.6 uC, and at 1000 m, 3.2 uC, respectively. The seawater samples were filtered through a polycarbonate filter (pore size 0.2 mm; Whatman International Ltd) and then the filter was placed on half strength marine agar 2216E (MA; Difco) and maintained at 20 u C. Luminous colonies that grew on the agar plates were isolated withThe GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA, ftsZ, gapA, gyrB, mreB, pyrH and topA gene sequences used and determined in this study are given in Supplementary Table S1, available with the online version of this paper.Supplementary tables detailing the GenBank accession numbers for the 16S rRNA,...

Paraphotobacterium marinum gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Vibrionaceae, isolated from surface seawater

“…The predominant fatty acids of strain NSCS20N07D T were C 16 : 0 (46.1 %), C 17 : 0 cyclo (11.1 %), C 19 : 0 cyclo !8c (10.9 %), C 18 : 0 (5.6 %) and summed feature 2 (C 14 : 0 3-OH/iso-C 16 : 1 I) (5.4 %). The major fatty acid (C 16 : 0 ) of strain NSCS20N07D T was different from that for species within the genus Photobacterium (Kim et al, 2010;Lo et al, 2014;Nogi et al, 1998;Yoshizawa et al, 2009). Detailed fatty acid compositions are given in Table 3.…”

Photobacterium aphoticum sp. nov., isolated from coastal water

“…Members of the recently described genera Grimontia and Enterovibrio also group with P. damselae in some phylogenetic analyses using 16S rRNA gene sequences. Intrageneric relationships present between members of the genus Photobacterium usually mean that they are distributed into three clades (Jung et al, 2007;Park et al, 2006;Rivas et al, 2006;Yoshizawa et al, 2009); the first containing P. phosphoreum along with P. iliopiscarium, P. angustum, P. aquimaris and Abbreviations: NJ, neighbour-joining; ML, maximum-likelihood; MP, maximum-parsimony.The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number of 16S rRNA gene of strain CECT 7614 T is FN796493. Accession numbers of newly reported gyrB and recA gene sequences of Photobacterium aphoticum CECT 7614 T , Photobacterium angustum CECT 5690 T , Photobacterium halotolerans CECT 5860 T , Photobacterium ganghwense CECT 7641 T and Photobacterium rosenbergii CECT 7644 T are FN796483-FN796487 and FN796488-FN796492, respectively.…”

“…Members of the recently described genera Grimontia and Enterovibrio also group with P. damselae in some phylogenetic analyses using 16S rRNA gene sequences. Intrageneric relationships present between members of the genus Photobacterium usually mean that they are distributed into three clades (Jung et al, 2007;Park et al, 2006;Rivas et al, 2006;Yoshizawa et al, 2009); the first containing P. phosphoreum along with P. iliopiscarium, P. angustum, P. aquimaris and Abbreviations: NJ, neighbour-joining; ML, maximum-likelihood; MP, maximum-parsimony.…”

“…Members of the recently described genera Grimontia and Enterovibrio also group with P. damselae in some phylogenetic analyses using 16S rRNA gene sequences. Intrageneric relationships present between members of the genus Photobacterium usually mean that they are distributed into three clades (Jung et al, 2007;Park et al, 2006;Rivas et al, 2006;Yoshizawa et al, 2009); the first containing P. phosphoreum along with P. iliopiscarium, P. angustum, P. aquimaris and P. kishitanii; the second containing P. profundum together with other psychrophilic species isolated mostly from deep waters, including P. indicum, P. frigidiphilum, P. aplysiae and P. lipolyticum; and a third containing P. ganghwense, P. rosenbergii, P. halotolerans and P. lutimaris. The species P. damselae and P. leiognathi show an unstable association with the P. phosphoreum group.…”

Diversidade de bactérias em amostras de água do mar no canal de São Sebastião

“…Atualmente este gênero compreende 19 espécies, das quais 5 possuem cepas que produzem luminescência (YOSHIZAWA et al, 2009). Análises filogenéticas baseadas nas seqüências do gene 16S rDNA tem mostrado que este gênero tem uma relação muito próxima com o gênero Vibrio, o que explica as similaridades fenotípicas entre eles (NOGI et al, 1998;ANZAI et al, 2000;FARMER III e HICKMAN-BRENNER, 2006).…”