Abstract:This study investigated the effect of UV light irradiation on a Pt working electrode during the anodic electrodeposition of ceria (CeO 2 ) thin films in an aqueous solution containing Ce 3+ . UV light irradiation on the Pt anode induced the formation of holes in the valence band of anodically preformed CeO 2 nuclei, which serve as photoabsorbers. The resultant holes oxidized Ce 3+ to CeO 2 at the CeO 2 /solution interface as well as at the bare Pt surface. That is, CeO 2 itself acted as a sensitive layer for p… Show more
“…We employed a photoassisted electrodeposition system, using a high-powered Xe-lamp as another energy source, which is expected to accelerate the rate of electrodeposition. Photoirradiation of the electrodeposition process 13,24,25) has additional advantages, such as the capability to grow both thin and thick high-quality films, with higher growth rate and less negative deposition potential. The photoassisted chemical deposition of pCu 2 O/n-ZnO was reported for the construction of a heterostructure on a quartz glass.…”
Photoassisted electrodeposition of a cuprous oxide (Cu 2 O) thin film was studied to find the optimum conditions lowering the deposition temperature. Cu 2 O films were electrochemically deposited on FTO by cycling the electrode potential between 0.0 V and ¹0.8 V (Ag«AgCl), in an aqueous solution. A simple deposition cell was designed to allow simultaneous thermostating and polychromic illumination. Under illumination, the Cu 2 O film deposition occurred, even at a temperature lower than the temperature observed under dark conditions. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed that these films were indexed as cubic symmetric structured pure Cu 2 O (JCPDS: 05-0667), and UV-visible absorption spectra show an optical band-gap energy of 2.5 eV.
“…We employed a photoassisted electrodeposition system, using a high-powered Xe-lamp as another energy source, which is expected to accelerate the rate of electrodeposition. Photoirradiation of the electrodeposition process 13,24,25) has additional advantages, such as the capability to grow both thin and thick high-quality films, with higher growth rate and less negative deposition potential. The photoassisted chemical deposition of pCu 2 O/n-ZnO was reported for the construction of a heterostructure on a quartz glass.…”
Photoassisted electrodeposition of a cuprous oxide (Cu 2 O) thin film was studied to find the optimum conditions lowering the deposition temperature. Cu 2 O films were electrochemically deposited on FTO by cycling the electrode potential between 0.0 V and ¹0.8 V (Ag«AgCl), in an aqueous solution. A simple deposition cell was designed to allow simultaneous thermostating and polychromic illumination. Under illumination, the Cu 2 O film deposition occurred, even at a temperature lower than the temperature observed under dark conditions. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed that these films were indexed as cubic symmetric structured pure Cu 2 O (JCPDS: 05-0667), and UV-visible absorption spectra show an optical band-gap energy of 2.5 eV.
“…Nanoparticles of CeO 2 can be formed photochemically on a platinum electrode immersed in a solution of Ce III [91]. Nanoparticles of CeO 2 electrodeposited on an electrode can act as a photocatalyst for the formation of new portions of cerium dioxide, leading to growth of the nanoparticles.…”
Section: Photochemical Production Of Nanostructured Metal Oxidesmentioning
Existing data on photochemical and photocatalytic approaches to the formation of semiconducting nanoparticles and also binary semiconducting nanostructures and nanocomposites of semiconductors with metals and polymers are reviewed. The nature of the effect of irradiation on the synthesis and properties of the obtained nanostructures and the possibility of photocatalytic control of the structural and spectral parameters of nanostructural semiconducting systems are examined.The accumulation of data on the properties of semiconducting (SC) nanomaterials, which has occurred particularly rapidly in the last 7-10 years, has opened up ever more alluring prospects for their application as light-sensitive and light-emitting components in nanophotonics [1-3], nanophotocatalysis [2,[4][5][6][7], biosensorics [8][9][10][11], and other important fields. The possibility of practical utilization is an important factor that has stimulated the search for and study of the processes involved in the formation of nanomaterials. On this account an enormous number of publications have now accumulated on the improvement of existing and development of new methods for the synthesis of semiconducting nanoparticles and nanostructures (e.g., see the reviews [6, 12-15]). A special position among them is occupied by methods based on photochemical transformations conducted either for the purpose of synthesis and directing it along a desired path or for improving the characteristics of nanostructures produced by other methods.Photochemical methods of synthesis have proved more effective than the production of nanomaterials by traditional synthetic approaches, and in a number of cases only they make it possible to achieve the assigned aim. For this reason the synthesis of semiconducting nanostructures and their modification under the conditions of photoirradiation are constantly attracting the attention of investigators, and the number of publications devoted to these questions is constantly increasing. We note, however, that they nevertheless remain disjointed.In view of the foregoing an attempt is made in the present article to organize existing data, to identify the most important directions for research and development, and thus to assess the current state of development of photochemical approaches to the formation of semiconducting nanostructures. Analysis of data on the photochemical formation and post-synthesis photochemical treatment of semiconducting nanostructures and multicomponent nanocomposites, including the nanoparticles of metals and polymers in addition to semiconductors, showed that in spite of the variety and diversity of the proposed approaches all the papers can be ascribed to only three courses: synthesis, synthesis control, and changing the characteristics of the semiconducting nanostructures. For this reason in this review photochemical approaches to the synthesis of nanoparticles of metal chalcogenides, binary semiconducting nanostructures, and nanocomposites consisting of semiconducting and conducting polymers are examin...
“…Naturally, the cathodic method is applicable to not only Ce 3+ , but also other metal ions taking part in the precipitation at high pH. On the other hand, anodic polarization allows the direct electrochemical oxidation of Ce 3+ to insoluble Ce(OH) 4 (CeO 2 ·nH 2 O), and is useful for other limited metal ions which are oxidized to insoluble higher valence states [20][21][22][23].…”
In the present study, the appropriate electrolysis conditions were determined for attaining doped ceria thin films with a high density and adhesion in an aqueous solution containing of Ce 3+ and Sm 3+ ions. Based on a comparison of the anodic and cathodic polarizations, while the former only induced the deposition of Ce 3+ , the latter accomplished the simultaneous deposition of Ce and Sm species. Under an applied cathodic bias below the hydrogen evolution potential, the Ce 3+ and Sm 3+ were reacted with OH -ions generated by the reduction of water molecules, and then were deposited on the electrode as a hydroxide. The hydroxide was subsequently oxidized and dehydrated to form the ceria-based thin layer. The morphologies of the as-deposited films were significantly altered on the basis of the applied potential. Moreover, the addition of acetic acid to the electrolysis bath caused the production of a transparent, dense, and adherent film. The XRD pattern and Raman spectrum of the thin film revealed that the film was crystallized as the fluorite structure without any heat treatment, and Sm 3+ is substituted at the Ce 4+ site. Moreover, the Sm content in the film could be easily controlled by the metal concentration in the solution.
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