Photo-oxidative degradation of polyethylene/montmorillonite nanocomposite

Qin, Hongling; Zhao, Chungui; Zhang, Shimin; Chen, Guangming; Yang, Mingshu

doi:10.1016/s0141-3910(03)00136-8

Cited by 161 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…These phenomena have been reported for several kinds of polymer used and were mainly attributed to a reduction of the photo-oxidation induction time [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. This, in turn, was attributed to several factors, such as the presence of iron ions catalyzing the photo-oxidation process [9,10], the formation of catalytic acidic sites or radicals following the decomposition of the organo-modifier (involving both the alkyl chain and the ammonium ions) [10][11][12]17]. As regards the nanocomposites containing nanosized calcium carbonate, it was found [18] that the photo-oxidation rate increases in comparison to the pristine polymer matrix, and it was proposed that this might be attributed to several causes (nucleation phenomena, catalytic effects, presence of impurities or light sensitizers).…”

mentioning

confidence: 63%

“…Literature reports also about the photo-oxidation behaviour of clay-filled nanocomposites in presence of compatibilizers such as maleated polyolefins. Qin et al [12] reported that maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene does not significantly modify the rate of photo-oxidation; Mailhot et al [13] found that this compatibilizer can actually introduce some photo-responsive groups, leading to an acceleration of the photo-oxidation of polypropylene when used in combination with organophilic montmorillonite. However, to our present knowledge, there are few or no data regarding the photooxidation behaviour of polyolefin/calcium carbonate nanocomposites when a maleated polyolefin is added.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Accelerated weathering of PP based nanocomposites: Effect of the presence of maleic anhydryde grafted polypropylene

Morreale¹,

Dintcheva²,

Mantia³

2013

Express Polym. Lett.

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The use of nanometric-scale sized fillers for the preparation of thermoplastic polymer composites is of topical interest in the academia, because of the significant improvements achievable in terms of technological properties, such as the elastic modulus, the tensile strength, the barrier properties, the flexural modulus [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. These enhancements are promising and attracting also the interest from industrial world, in sight of several applications which could benefit from them. On the other hand, it is known [3] that polymer based nanocomposites have been struggling to conquer mainstream volume market shares, and this can be attributed to some weaknesses. One of these is represented by their environmental stability, especially when outdoor applications (i.e. furnishing, building, packaging, automotive) are concerned. It is known from the literature that polymer/silicate nanocomposites can show significant effects due to photo-oxidation (in particular, higher photo-oxidation rates and thus reduction of the mechanical prop- Abstract. Polymer nanocomposites are currently a topic of great interest. The increasing importance they are gaining also in the standpoint of industrial applications, is giving concerns regarding their environmental stability and, in general, their behaviour in outdoor applications, under direct solar irradiation. Papers available in the literature have highlighted the different influences of different nanosized fillers, in particular clay-based nanofillers; however, few data are available regarding other nanosized fillers. Furthermore, the research on polymer nanocomposites has clearly pointed out that the use of compatibilizers is required to improve the mechanical performance and the dispersion of polar fillers inside apolar polymer matrices, especially when complex mechanisms such as intercalation and exfoliation, typical of clay-filled nanocomposites, are involved. In this work, the photo-oxidation behaviour of polypropylene/clay and polypropylene/calcium carbonate nanocomposites containing different amounts of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (PPgMA) and subjected to accelerated weathering, was investigated. The results showed significant differences between the two nanofillers and different degradation behaviours in presence of the compatibilizer. In particular, PPgMA modified the dispersion of the nanofillers but, on the other hand, higher amounts proved to lead to the formation of some heterogeneities. Furthermore, PPgMA proved to positively affect the photo-oxidation behaviour by decreasing the rate of formation of the degradation products.

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confidence: 63%

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confidence: 99%

Accelerated weathering of PP based nanocomposites: Effect of the presence of maleic anhydryde grafted polypropylene

Morreale¹,

Dintcheva²,

Mantia³

2013

Express Polym. Lett.

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“…Polypropylene/montmorillonite nanocomposites, additionally stabilized with antioxidant, degrade much faster under photo-oxidative conditions than pure polypropylene [25,26].This phenomenon is attributed to active species/sites in the clay generated by photolysis or photo-oxidation, and by consequence interaction between antioxidant, montmorillonite and maleic anhydride modified polypropylene. In natural clay present iron may additionally play an active role in the dramatic modification of material oxidation conditions [27], and nanoparticles also catalyze the decomposition process [28].…”

Section: Nanocomposites Use In a Competitive Environment Of The Matermentioning

confidence: 98%

New Composite Materials in the Technology for Drinking Water Purification from Ionic and Colloidal Pollutants

Ranđelović¹,

Zarubica²,

Purenović³

2012

Composites and Their Applications

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“…Previous studies [15,16,[19][20][21] suggested that photo-degradation generates carbonyl and hydroxyl groups through chain scission and hydrogen abstraction from the polymer backbone. The degradation process is summarised in Fig.…”

Section: Changes In Elemental Composition Due To Uv Exposurementioning

confidence: 98%

Environmental degradation of epoxy–organoclay nanocomposites due to UV exposure. Part I: Photo-degradation

Woo

Chen

Zhu

et al. 2007

Composites Science and Technology

143

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The environmental degradation mechanisms of epoxy-organoclay nanocomposites due to accelerated UV and moisture exposure are studied. Various characterisation tools, including FTIR, SEM, XRD and XRF analyses, were used to evaluate the effects of clay content on the progressive changes in chemical element, topography and colour of the nanocomposite. It is found that microcracks started to appear on both the neat epoxy and nanocomposite surface after about 300 h of UV exposure. The nanocomposite exhibited thicker and shallower cracks with a less degree of discoloration than the neat epoxy due to the diffusion barrier characteristics of organoclay with high aspect ratio. The presence of transition metal ions along with low-molecular-weight organic modifiers in organoclay, however, accelerated the degradation of polymer, counterbalancing the above ameliorating barrier properties of clay. FTIR analysis indicated that photo-degradation generated carbonyl groups by chain scission and the rate was slightly higher for the nanocomposites than for the neat epoxy. While moisture further accelerated the photo-degradation process through the enhanced mobility of free radicals and ions, the organoclay could limit the deteriorating effect of moisture, resulting in much better overall resistance to photo-degradation in the presence of moisture for the nanocomposite than the neat epoxy.

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Photo-oxidative degradation of polyethylene/montmorillonite nanocomposite

Cited by 161 publications

References 8 publications

Accelerated weathering of PP based nanocomposites: Effect of the presence of maleic anhydryde grafted polypropylene

Accelerated weathering of PP based nanocomposites: Effect of the presence of maleic anhydryde grafted polypropylene

New Composite Materials in the Technology for Drinking Water Purification from Ionic and Colloidal Pollutants

Environmental degradation of epoxy–organoclay nanocomposites due to UV exposure. Part I: Photo-degradation

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