Photo-oxidation process of indole in aqueous solution with ZnO Catalyst: Study and optimization

Samah, M.; Merabet, Smail; Bouguerra, M. L.; Bouhelassa, Mohammed; Ouhenia, Salim; Bouzaza, Abdelkrim

doi:10.1134/s0023158411010150

Cited by 22 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…x 10 -3 to 1.19 x 10 -3 s -1 . This evidences a high photostability of indole under UVA illumination, which is in accordance with the result of Samah et al [51]. We can conclude that indole was degraded by the action of hydroxyl radicals which are produced mainly by the electrochemical process.…”

Section: Effect Of Uv Irradiationsupporting

confidence: 91%

Effective heterogeneous electro-Fenton process for the degradation of a malodorous compound, indole, using iron loaded alginate beads as a reusable catalyst

Hammouda

Fourcade

Assadi

et al. 2016

Applied Catalysis B: Environmental

109

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Fe-ABs were fabricated by simple gelation procedure at 25 °C. The incorporation of iron on beads was confirmed by EDS results. The Fe-ABs catalyst present good stability and can be used for at least four times without obvious decrease in activity. Mineralization pathways of indole was proposed. In this work the characterization and the performance of iron immobilized in alginate beads (Fe-ABs) as catalyst for heterogeneous electro-Fenton (EF) treatment of a malodorous compound, indole, was investigated. Experimental results demonstrated that indole was effectively removed through the electro-Fenton process; while in the considered experimental conditions, the performances of EF were only slightly improved by the addition of UVA radiation. The most efficient operating conditions were achieved at pH 3.0 in the presence of 200 mg.L-1 Fe-ABs catalyst (corresponding to an average iron concentration of 64 mg L-1) with a current density of 0.53 mA cm-2. Under these conditions, 60 min were sufficient to completely degrade 20 mg L −1 of indole, whose removal was found to obey the pseudo-first order model. In terms of organic carbon removal, about 90% mineralization yield was reached in the optimal conditions for 7 h heterogeneous electro-Fenton treatment time. UPLC-MS/MS analysis was applied to identify and follow the evolution of indole oxidation products. Five stable organics intermediates were observed and four of them were identified as dioxindole, isatin, oxindole and anthranilic acid. A reaction sequence was therefore proposed for indole degradation according to the detected products. Subsequent attack of these intermediates by •OH radicals led to the formation of short chain acids such as succinic, acetic, oxamic and oxalic identified by ion-exclusion chromatography.

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Section: Effect Of Uv Irradiationsupporting

confidence: 91%

Effective heterogeneous electro-Fenton process for the degradation of a malodorous compound, indole, using iron loaded alginate beads as a reusable catalyst

Hammouda

Fourcade

Assadi

et al. 2016

Applied Catalysis B: Environmental

109

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“…Figure 1 shows the XRD patterns of the prepared ZnO nanoparticles (Z4, Z5 and Z10). The XRD patterns of the ZnO nanoparticles were in agreement with reported data, [3][4][5][6][7] suggesting that all samples were the hexagonal phase (JCPDS 01-075-0576 wurtzite structure). No peaks for other phases were observed.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

Facile Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles and Their Photocatalytic Activity

Lee¹,

Kim

Lee

et al. 2014

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

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This paper reports the facile synthesis methods of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles, Z1-Z10, using diethylene glycol (DEG) and polyethylene glycol (PEG400). The particle size and morphology were correlated with the PEG concentration and reaction time. With 0.75 mL of PEG400 in 150 mL of DEG and a 20 h reaction time, the ZnO nanoparticles began to disperse from a collective spherical grain shape. The ZnO nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and a N2 adsorption-desorption studies. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface areas of Z4, Z5 and Z10 were 157.083, 141.559 and 233.249 m 2 /g, respectively. The observed pore diameters of Z4, Z5 and Z10 were 63.4, 42.0 and 134.0 Å, respectively. The pore volumes of Z4, Z5 and Z10 were 0.249, 0.148 and 0.781 cm 3 /g, respectively. The photocatalytic activity of the synthesized ZnO nanoparticles was evaluated by methylene blue (MB) degradation, and the activity showed a good correlation with the N2 adsorption-desorption data.

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“…Zinc oxide (ZnO) is one of the most well-known crystalline photocatalysts used in wastewater purification processes, as it is not only nontoxic but is also readily available, has suitable energy band positions, and has high excitonic stability [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. Despite its safety, stability, and availability, ZnO has multiple limitations, such as a band gap of perfect ZnO that is too large (3.37 eV) and cannot exhibit visible-light photocatalytic activity, low efficiency due to the decreased ZnO photocatalytic activity, and fast recombination of the hole–electron pairs and photocorrosion arising from the dissolution of ZnO into Zn 2+ ions in aqueous solutions under UV irradiation [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic ZnO Crystal Nanoparticle Growth on Reduced Graphene Oxide for Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance under Visible Light Irradiation

et al. 2021

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Magnetite zinc oxide (MZ) (Fe3O4/ZnO) with different ratios of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was synthesized using the solid-state method. The structural and optical properties of the nanocomposites were analyzed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV–Vis/DRS), and photoluminescence (PL) spectrophotometry. In particular, the analyses show higher photocatalytic movement for crystalline nanocomposite (MZG) than MZ and ZnO nanoparticles. The photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) with crystalline ZnO for 1.5 h under visible light was 12%. By contrast, the photocatalytic activity for MZG was more than 98.5%. The superior photocatalytic activity of the crystalline nanocomposite was detected to be due to the synergistic effect between magnetite and zinc oxide in the presence of reduced graphene oxide. Moreover, the fabricated nanocomposite had high electron–hole stability. The crystalline nanocomposite was stable when the material was used several times.

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Photo-oxidation process of indole in aqueous solution with ZnO Catalyst: Study and optimization

Cited by 22 publications

References 36 publications

Effective heterogeneous electro-Fenton process for the degradation of a malodorous compound, indole, using iron loaded alginate beads as a reusable catalyst

Effective heterogeneous electro-Fenton process for the degradation of a malodorous compound, indole, using iron loaded alginate beads as a reusable catalyst

Facile Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles and Their Photocatalytic Activity

Magnetic ZnO Crystal Nanoparticle Growth on Reduced Graphene Oxide for Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance under Visible Light Irradiation

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