Photic and circadian regulation of c-fos gene expression in the hamster suprachiasmatic nucleus

Kornhauser, Jon M.; Nelson, Dwight E.; Mayo, Kelly E.; Takahashi, Joseph S.

doi:10.1016/0896-6273(90)90303-w

Cited by 490 publications

(231 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The anatomical boundaries of the SCN, defined by cell density, correspond well with functional markers such as 2-deoxyglucose utilization [26], c-fos expression [17], and the expression of genes involved in the generation of circadian oscillations ("clock genes") [9]. Accordingly, although other tissues and cells are known to express endogenous molecular oscillations, SCN neurons are functionally distinct from surrounding hypothalamic neurons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Development of the mouse suprachiasmatic nucleus: Determination of time of cell origin and spatial arrangements within the nucleus

Kabrita

Davis

2008

Brain Research

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The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in mammals functions as the principal circadian pacemaker synchronizing diverse physiological and behavioral processes to environmental stimuli. It consists of heterogeneous populations of cells with unique spatial organization that can vary among species, but are commonly discussed within a framework of two principal regions, the ventrolateral or dorsomedial halves of the nucleus or in other instances the core and shell. In both hamsters and rats, cells of different SCN regions have been shown to have different developmental histories. Using bromodeoxyuridine as a marker of cell division, the present study investigated the time of SCN cell origin in mice (C57BL/6) and their settling patterns within the nucleus. Results show that SCN cytogenesis occurs between embryonic days 12 and 15 and is complete 5 days prior to birth. Cells born on embryonic day 12 are mainly confined to a ventrolateral region of the mid-SCN, whereas cells produced later on embryonic days 13.5 and 14.5 form a cap around the cells produced first and extend into the posterior and anterior ends of the nucleus. These results suggest an ordered spatiotemporal program of SCN cytogenesis whereby a mid-SCN core is born first followed by a surrounding shell of later-born cells. Variation in cytogenesis could affect the relative sizes of different SCN regions and, thereby, affect its function. The relative contributions of a highly ordered program of cytogenesis and intercellular interactions after post-mitotic cells leave the germinal epithelium remain to be determined.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Development of the mouse suprachiasmatic nucleus: Determination of time of cell origin and spatial arrangements within the nucleus

Kabrita

Davis

2008

Brain Research

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“…Specifically, retinal input is much denser in the ventrolateral than in the dorsomedial rat SCN (Speh and Moore, 1993). Light-induced Fos expression in hamsters is concentrated in the CalB subregion, sparse in the dorsolateral area, and very low or not expressed in the dorsomedial SCN (Aronin et al, 1990;Guido et al, 1999;Hastings et al, 1996;Kornhauser et al, 1990;Rusak et al, 1990;Silver et al, 1996). More recently, Schwartz et al (2000) have shown light-induced expression of c-Fos, Fra-2 and Fos-B in the ventromedial, but not in the dorsomedial SCN of rat.…”

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confidence: 98%

Calbindin-D28K cells selectively contact intra-SCN neurons

et al. 2002

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Calbindin-D 28K -immunoreactive cells are tightly packed within a discrete region of the caudal aspect of the suprachiasmatic nuclei of hamsters. These cells receive direct retinal input and are Fos-positive in response to a light pulse. Knowledge of their afferent and efferent connections is necessary to understand suprachiasmatic nucleus organization. The first aim of the present study is to identify interconnections between calbindin and other peptidergic cells of the suprachiasmatic nuclei, using epi-and confocal microscopy and intra-suprachiasmatic nucleus tract tracing. The results indicate that essentially all calbindin cells receive numerous appositions from vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), neuropeptide Y and serotonin fibers and that most receive appositions from gastrin releasing peptide (GRP) and cholecystokinin (CCK) fibers. Reciprocal connections are seen from VIP, GRP and CCK cells but surprisingly, not from dorsomedial vasopressin cells. Injection of biotinylated dextran amine into the suprachiasmatic nucleus indicates that the ventrolateral suprachiasmatic nucleus projects to the entire nucleus, while the dorsal and medial regions of the suprachiasmatic nucleus project densely to most of the nucleus, except to the calbindin region. Analysis of colocalization of the peptides in the calbindin cell region shows that 91% of the substance P cells, 42% of the GRP cells and 60% of the VIP cells in the calbindin subnucleus coexpress calbindin-D 28K .Our results reveal a highly specialized topographical organization of connections among suprachiasmatic nucleus cells. Keywords suprachiasmatic nucleus; calbindin; vasopressin; confocal microscopy; tract tracingThe suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) are the locus of the brain clock regulating circadian rhythms in mammals (reviewed in Silver and Moore, 1998). In rodents, these paired hypothalamic nuclei are each composed of about 8000 neurons that are heterogeneous in their content of neuronal antigens (van den Pol, 1980;van den Pol and Tsujimoto, 1985). Some of the neuropeptides that have been identified to date in the rodent SCN are vasopressin (AVP), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), peptide histidine isoleucine, gastrin releasing peptide (GRP), sub-stance P (SP), cholecystokinin (CCK) and somatostatin. We have reported that a subregion in the caudal SCN is characterized by the (Silver et al., 1996). These cells are densely packed, receive direct retinal synaptic input (Bryant et al., 2000) and are responsive to photic stimuli, with about 80% of the cells showing Fos-like immunoreactivity (ir) following a light pulse given during subjective night (Silver et al., 1996). The foregoing evidence indicates these CalB cells are on the input pathway for photic stimuli reaching the SCN.The function of this subregion of the SCN has been examined in hamsters. Animals with lesions that destroyed the CalB subnucleus, but spared other compartments of the SCN, lost their locomotor activity rhythm. Animals with partial bilateral SCN lesions sparing part ...

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“…In mammals, a pulse of light during the subjective night elicits potent induction of c-fos, fos-B, and jun-B gene expression in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (13,14). c-Fos is an oncoprotein that associates with Jun proteins to form the AP-1 (activator protein 1) complex.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Common pathways in circadian and cell cycle clocks: Light-dependent activation of Fos/AP-1 in zebrafish controls CRY-1a and WEE-1

Hirayama

Cardone

Doi

et al. 2005

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The cell cycle and the circadian clock are endogenous pacemakers, which coexist in most eukaryotic cells and share a number of conceptual features. In the zebrafish, light directly regulates the timing of both clocks, although the signaling and transcriptional pathways that convey photic information to essential nuclear regulators have yet to be deciphered. We have previously established the Z3 cell line, which recapitulates the features of zebrafish circadian clock and represents an ideal system to study lightdependent signaling and gene regulation. We conducted a search for light-responsive transcription factors and found that AP-1 DNA binding is highly induced. Light induces the expression of zWee1, a cell cycle gene essential for G2͞M transition, and zCry1a, a clock gene of the feedback regulatory loop. We have found consensus AP-1 sites in the regulatory regions of both zWee1 and zCry1a genes, and we show that light inducibility of both genes is abrogated by inhibition of AP-1 function. Light also elicits chromatin remodeling by stimulating hyperacetylation at Lys-14 of histone H3 at both zWee1 and zCry1a promoters, as assessed by chromatin immunoprecipitation assays by using anti-Fos antibody. These findings provide strong evidence that circadian and cell cycle clocks share unique light-responsive pathways in zebrafish.

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Photic and circadian regulation of c-fos gene expression in the hamster suprachiasmatic nucleus

Cited by 490 publications

References 31 publications

Development of the mouse suprachiasmatic nucleus: Determination of time of cell origin and spatial arrangements within the nucleus

Development of the mouse suprachiasmatic nucleus: Determination of time of cell origin and spatial arrangements within the nucleus

Calbindin-D28K cells selectively contact intra-SCN neurons

Common pathways in circadian and cell cycle clocks: Light-dependent activation of Fos/AP-1 in zebrafish controls CRY-1a and WEE-1

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