Phosphorylation of Serine 114 of the transcription factor ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE 4 is essential for activity

Eisner, Nadav; Maymon, Tzofia; Sánchez, Estér; Bar-Zvi, Dana; Brodsky, Sagie; Finkelstein, Ruth; Bar-Zvi, Dudy

doi:10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.110847

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Evidence has accumulated demonstrating that the transcription factor ABI4 is an integrator for diverse functions during plant development (Chandrasekaran et al, 2020). Consistent with the multifaceted role of ABI4, its accumulation and activity are strictly regulated at the transcriptional and post-translational levels (Chandrasekaran et al, 2020; Eisner et al, 2021; Zhou et al, 2021). ABI4 displays a restricted spatio-temporal expression pattern during plant development that is also modulated by environmental stimuli, such as nutrients, hormones and abiotic stresses (Chandrasekaran et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…The accumulation and activity of ABI4 is tightly controlled at the transcriptional and protein levels. At the protein level ABI4 is subjected to selective degradation via proteasome (Finkelstein et al, 2011; Gregorio et al, 2014) and its activity is modulated through by MAP kinase phosphorylation in response to sugars, ABA and salt stresses (Eisner et al, 2021). At the transcriptional level, ABI4 is expressed predominately in the developing seed during germination and in the first days of the seedling development (Soderman et al, 2000; Penfield et al, 2006; Bossi et al, 2009).…”

Section: Intoductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interplay between positive and negative regulation by B3-type transcription factors is critical for the accurate expression of theABA INSENSITIVE 4gene

Hernández-Bernal

Córdoba

Mendoza³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The ABA-INSENSITIVE 4 transcription factor is key for the regulation of diverse aspects of plant development and environmental responses, including proper perception of hormonal and nutritional signals. ABI4 activity is highly regulated at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels leading to precise expression mainly in the developing seed and early seedling development. Based on genetic and molecular approaches in the current study we provide new insights into the central mechanism underpinning the transcriptional regulation of ABI4 during both seed and vegetative development. We identified a complex interplay between the LEC2 and ABI3 transcriptional activators and the HSI/VAL repressors that is critical for proper ABI4 expression. Interestingly, the regulation by these proteins relies on the two RY cis-acting motifs present two kb upstream of the ABI4 gene. Our analysis also shows that the chromatin landscape of the ABI4 loci is highly dependent on the LEC2 and HSI2/VAL proteins. LEC2 regulation extends to the vegetative development and the absence of this factor results in ABA- and sugar-insensitive signaling in the developing plant. This regulatory circuit functions as a major control module for the correct spatial-temporal expression of ABI4 and prevents its ectopic accumulation that is harmful to the plant.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Intoductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interplay between positive and negative regulation by B3-type transcription factors is critical for the accurate expression of theABA INSENSITIVE 4gene

Hernández-Bernal

Córdoba

Mendoza³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…We recently showed that phosphorylation of serine 114 of ABI4 by MPK3 or MPK6 is essential for its biological activity (Eisner et al ., 2021). Here we tested whether the phosphorylation state of S114 of ABI4 also affects its stability, WT Arabidopsis plants were transformed with 35S::HA-FLAG-ABI4-eGFP constructs encoding the ABI4 (S114A), phosphorylation null mutant or ABI4 (S114E), phosphomimetic mutated proteins.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phosphorylation of ABI4 by MAPKs repressed the expression of the LHCB gene (Guo et al ., 2016), and inhibited the emergence of adventitious roots (Bai et al ., 2020). In addition, the phosphorylation of S114 is essential for the biological activity of ABI4 as shown in studies of the complementation of the abi4 mutant phenotype (Eisner et al ., 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Being downstream of the signaling pathway cascades, transcription factors are frequently modulated by phosphorylation resulting in their activation or inhibition. ABI4 was phosphorylated in vitro by MPK3, MPK4, and MPK6 (Popescu et al ., 2009; Guo et al ., 2016; Bai et al ., 2020; Eisner et al ., 2021). Phosphorylation of ABI4 by MAPKs repressed the expression of the LHCB gene (Guo et al ., 2016), and inhibited the emergence of adventitious roots (Bai et al ., 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The ABA INSENSITIVE (ABI) 4 transcription factor is stabilized by stress, ABA and phosphorylation

Maymon

Eisner

Bar-Zvi

2022

Preprint

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The Arabidopsis transcription factor ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE 4 (ABI4) is a key player in the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway. ABI4 is also involved in seed development and germination, the response to abiotic stresses such as drought and salinity, control of lipid reserve mobilization in the embryo, lateral root formation, and redox control. Expression of the ABI4 gene is tightly regulated and basal expression is low. Maximal transcript levels occur during seed maturation and in the early stages of seed germination and are markedly reduced in other developmental stages. ABI4 is an unstable lowly expressed protein, resulting from tight post-transcriptional regulation. Here, we studied factors affecting the stability of the ABI4 protein using transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing 35S::HA-FLAG-ABI4-eGFP. Despite the expression of eGFP-tagged ABI4 being driven by the highly active 35S CaMV promoter the steady-state levels of ABI4 were extremely low in the roots of seedling grown in optimal conditions. These levels were markedly enhanced upon exposure of the seedlings to abiotic stress and ABA. ABI4 is degraded rapidly by the 26S proteasome and we report on the role of phosphorylation of ABI4-serine 114 in regulating ABI4 stability. Our results indicate that ABI4 is tightly regulated both post-transcriptionally and post-translationally. Moreover, abiotic factors and plant hormones have similar effects on ABI4 transcripts and ABI4 protein levels. This double-check mechanism for controlling ABI4 reflects on its central role in plant development and cellular metabolism.

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Physiological and molecular mechanisms of radicle development of somatic embryos in Schisandra chinensis cultured in the dark

Sun,

Zhang,

et al. 2024

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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Somatic embryogenesis (SE) is a method for producing plant embryos in vitro and is considered a highly promising approach for micropropagation. As a valuable Chinese herbal medicine, the application of SE in genetic breeding, such as in Schisandra chinensis, faces several technical challenges, including incomplete development of somatic embryos and di culties in plant regeneration. Here, we established an e cient plant regeneration pathway for somatic embryos in S. chinensis. In this experiment, dark culture conditions were found to signi cantly improve the plant regeneration rooting rate through SE. To understand the genetic mechanism governing embryogenesis, a comparative transcriptome analysis was performed to elucidate differences between light and dark conditions on somatic embryo development in S. chinensis. Dormant buds of S. chinensis were used as explants, and embryonic calli were cultured in light (16 h/D) or dark conditions for 28 days. The cultivation of explants in darkness has been shown to signi cantly enhance the production of somatic embryo radicles. Under dark conditions, radicle primordia were initiated at the globular embryo stage and developed from the heart-shaped to the torpedo-shaped embryo stages. To explore the S. chinensis root mechanism, endogenous hormones were quanti ed, and RNA-seq analysis was performed throughout the process of somatic embryogenesis. The results indicated that from the globular to heart-shaped embryo stages, the levels of IAA and ABA in somatic embryos subjected to the dark treatment were markedly lower (190.965 ng•g − 1 and 525.152 ng•g − 1 ) than those in somatic embryos exposed to light (597.565 ng•g − 1 and 749.188 ng•g − 1 ), while the concentrations of GA 3 and ZR were lower at all stages under light treatment.Transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis revealed that the pathways and processes in which the differentially expressed genes in somatic embryos under dark conditions were predominantly enriched were plant hormone signaling, circadian rhythm, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. qRT-PCR was employed to validate the expression of plant hormone signaling transduction-related genes, including GH3, SAUR, ARF1, ARF18, AUX/IAA, MMK1, AHK4, AHK5, and PIF3, and the results were consistent with the transcriptome sequencing results. This work laid the foundation for applied research and could be useful in future reluctant woody plant improvement programs and can even be extended to other species. Key MessageDark culture signi cantly improved the radicle development of somatic embryos in S. chinensis and the differentially expressed genes were predominantly enriched in plant hormone signals, which corresponded to endogenous hormone levels. 34. Zhou XM (2008) Study on somatic embryogenesis of tree peony. Beijing Forestry University

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Phosphorylation of Serine 114 of the transcription factor ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE 4 is essential for activity

Cited by 10 publications

References 60 publications

Interplay between positive and negative regulation by B3-type transcription factors is critical for the accurate expression of theABA INSENSITIVE 4gene

Interplay between positive and negative regulation by B3-type transcription factors is critical for the accurate expression of theABA INSENSITIVE 4gene

The ABA INSENSITIVE (ABI) 4 transcription factor is stabilized by stress, ABA and phosphorylation

Physiological and molecular mechanisms of radicle development of somatic embryos in Schisandra chinensis cultured in the dark

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