Phosphorylation of BLUS1 kinase by phototropins is a primary step in stomatal opening

Takemiya, Atsushi; Sugiyama, Naoyuki; Fujimoto, Hiroshi; Tsutsumi, Toshifumi; Yamauchi, Shota; Hiyama, Asami; Tada, Yutaka; Christie, John M.; Shimazaki, Ken-ichiro

doi:10.1038/ncomms3094

Cited by 168 publications

(205 citation statements)

References 41 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

194

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…They emphasized dynamic reorganizations of cp-actin filaments and technical advances in the exploration of the molecular mechanism. BLUS1 is a protein kinase functioning downstream of blue lightinduced stomatal opening as a phot1 substrate (Takemiya et al 2013). In this issue, Takemiya and Shimazaki (2016) reported, as an extension of the previous study, that BLUS1 was also phosphorylated by phot2 and the extent of BLUS1 phosphorylation could be regulated distinctly by phot1 and phot2.…”

mentioning

confidence: 70%

Diverse photoreceptors and light responses in plants

2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

mentioning

confidence: 70%

Diverse photoreceptors and light responses in plants

2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…In 35S:GLK1-SRDX plants, we found significant downregulation (P < 0.06) of KAT1, KAT2, and AKT1, which encode Shaker-type K + in channels (11,12). In addition, BLUE LIGHT SIGNALING1 (BLUS1) (30), which encodes a kinase phosphorylated by phototropins and regulates blue light-induced stomatal opening through activation of H + -ATPase, and FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) (31), which regulates stomatal opening, were also down-regulated (P < 0.07).…”

Section: Plants Expressing the Chimeric Repressors For Glks Exhibitmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…These expression profiles suggest that the severe closed-stomata phenotype of 35S: GLK1/2-SRDX plants may be caused by a combination of different effects; among these effects are the reduction of blue light signaling and K + in channel activity in guard cells. Because blus1 and ft knockout mutants showed a closed-stomata phenotype attributable to the reduction of the H + -ATPase activity (30,31), we analyzed the expression of the H + -ATPase genes and the activity of H + -ATPases in guard cells using an immunohistochemical method (32) by monitoring the blue light-induced phosphorylation of the penultimate Thr of these H + -ATPases. Results of qRT-PCR using RNA isolated from stomata-rich epidermal cells showed that the expression of three H + -ATPase genes, Arabidopsis H + -ATPase 1 (AHA1), AHA2, and AHA5, which are mainly expressed in guard cells (33), was slightly but significantly reduced in 35S:GLK1-SRDX plants (P < 0.05; Fig.…”

Section: Plants Expressing the Chimeric Repressors For Glks Exhibitmentioning

confidence: 99%

GOLDEN 2-LIKE transcription factors for chloroplast development affect ozone tolerance through the regulation of stomatal movement

Nagatoshi

Mitsuda

Hayashi

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Stomatal movements regulate gas exchange, thus directly affecting the efficiency of photosynthesis and the sensitivity of plants to air pollutants such as ozone. The GARP family transcription factors GOLDEN 2-LIKE1 (GLK1) and GLK2 have known functions in chloroplast development. Here, we show that Arabidopsis thaliana (A. thaliana) plants expressing the chimeric repressors for GLK1 and -2 (GLK1/2-SRDX) exhibited a closed-stomata phenotype and strong tolerance to ozone. By contrast, plants that overexpress GLK1/2 exhibited an open-stomata phenotype and higher sensitivity to ozone. The plants expressing GLK1-SRDX had reduced expression of the genes for inwardly rectifying K + (K + in ) channels and reduced K + in channel activity. Abscisic acid treatment did not affect the stomatal phenotype of 35S:GLK1/2-SRDX plants or the transcriptional activity for K + in channel gene, indicating that GLK1/2 act independently of abscisic acid signaling. Our results indicate that GLK1/2 positively regulate the expression of genes for K + in channels and promote stomatal opening. Because the chimeric GLK1-SRDX repressor driven by a guard cell-specific promoter induced a closed-stomata phenotype without affecting chloroplast development in mesophyll cells, modulating GLK1/2 activity may provide an effective tool to control stomatal movements and thus to confer resistance to air pollutants.

show abstract

“…Using step changes in light intensity simplified the analysis. Incorporating the spectral definitions brings the OnGuard platform into alignment with current knowledge of the actions of light, especially of blue light, on the H + -ATPases (Takemiya et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2014b;Yamauchi et al, 2016) and will allow future refinements in model design, but it had no material effect on model output in our formulation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Sensitivity Analysis of OnGuard Models Identifies Key Hubs for Transport Interaction in Stomatal Dynamics

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The physical requirement for charge to balance across biological membranes means that the transmembrane transport of each ionic species is interrelated, and manipulating solute flux through any one transporter will affect other transporters at the same membrane, often with unforeseen consequences. The OnGuard systems modeling platform has helped to resolve the mechanics of stomatal movements, uncovering previously unexpected behaviors of stomata. To date, however, the manual approach to exploring model parameter space has captured little formal information about the emergent connections between parameters that define the most interesting properties of the system as a whole. Here, we introduce global sensitivity analysis to identify interacting parameters affecting a number of outputs commonly accessed in experiments in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). The analysis highlights synergies between transporters affecting the balance between Ca 2+ sequestration and Ca 2+ release pathways, notably those associated with internal Ca 2+ stores and their turnover. Other, unexpected synergies appear, including with the plasma membrane anion channels and H + -ATPase and with the tonoplast TPK K + channel. These emergent synergies, and the core hubs of interaction that they define, identify subsets of transporters associated with free cytosolic Ca 2+ concentration that represent key targets to enhance plant performance in the future. They also highlight the importance of interactions between the voltage regulation of the plasma membrane and tonoplast in coordinating transport between the different cellular compartments.Stomata form the major pathway for CO 2 entry across the leaf epidermis for photosynthesis and for water loss by transpiration from the leaf tissues. Pairs of guard cells surround the stomatal pore and regulate the aperture. These cells balance the demand for CO 2 with that for water conservation. Guard cells expand and contract to open and close the pore. They take up and lose solutes, notably K + and Cl 2 , which, together with the synthesis and metabolism of organic solutes, especially malate, provide the osmotic driving force for these changes in aperture (Kim et al., 2010;Roelfsema and Hedrich, 2010;Lawson and Blatt, 2014). Thus, membrane transport comprises the principal set of effectors of a regulatory network that ensures the homeostatic control of the guard cell for stomatal aperture.Environmental signals, notably light, CO 2 , water availability, and the hormone abscisic acid, affect this network, modulating transport and solute accumulation. Research at the cellular and molecular levels has focused on these inputs and their contributions to stomatal movements. A large body of work has highlighted Ca 2+ -independent and Ca 2+ -dependent signaling, the latter including elevations in free cytosolic Ca 2+ concentration ([Ca 2+ ] i ), protein kinase and phosphatase activities, which inactivate inward-rectifying K + channels and activate Cl 2 (anion) channels, as well as the changes in cytosolic pH that ...

show abstract

Phosphorylation of BLUS1 kinase by phototropins is a primary step in stomatal opening

Cited by 168 publications

References 41 publications

Diverse photoreceptors and light responses in plants

Diverse photoreceptors and light responses in plants

GOLDEN 2-LIKE transcription factors for chloroplast development affect ozone tolerance through the regulation of stomatal movement

Global Sensitivity Analysis of OnGuard Models Identifies Key Hubs for Transport Interaction in Stomatal Dynamics

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About