Phosphorus supplementation modulates nitric oxide biosynthesis and stabilizes the defence system to improve arsenic stress tolerance in mustard

Abstract

The interaction of mineral nutrients with metals/metalloids and signalling molecules is well known. In the present study, we investigated the effect of phosphorus (P) in mitigation of arsenic (As) stress in mustard (Brassica juncea L.).• The study was conducted to investigate potential of 30 mg PÁkg À1 soil P supplement (diammonium phosphate) to cope up with the adverse effects of As stress (24 mg AsÁkg À1 soil) in mustard plants • Supplementation of P influenced nitric oxide (NO) generation, which up-regulated proline metabolism, ascorbate-glutathione system and glyoxalase system and alleviated the effects of on photosynthesis and growth. Arsenic stress generated ROS and methylglyoxal content was scavenged through P-mediated NO, and reduced As translocation from roots to leaves. The involvement of NO under P-mediated alleviation of As stress was substantiated with the use of cPTIO (NO biosynthesis inhibitor) and SNP (NO inducer). The reversal of P effects on photosynthesis under As stress with the use of cPTIO emphasized the role of P-mediated NO in mitigation of As stress and protection of photosynthesis • The results suggested that P reversed As-induced oxidative stress by modulation of NO formation, which regulated antioxidant machinery. Thus, P-induced regulatory interaction between NO and reversal of As-induced oxidative stress for the protection of photosynthesis may be suggested for sustainable crops.

Ethylene Supplementation Combined with Split Application of Nitrogen and Sulfur Protects Salt-Inhibited Photosynthesis through Optimization of Proline Metabolism and Antioxidant System in Mustard (Brassica juncea L.)

“…Plants enhance their antioxidant system to counter the harmful impact of abiotic stress [ 11 , 26 , 59 , 60 ]. The enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants work in cells to neutralize oxidative stress and to keep their concentration levels below toxic levels [ 61 , 62 ]. Although, declines in oxidative stress induced by Eth or individual supplementation of N and S have been previously reported, their interactive role has received scant attention.…”

Ethylene Supplementation Combined with Split Application of Nitrogen and Sulfur Protects Salt-Inhibited Photosynthesis through Optimization of Proline Metabolism and Antioxidant System in Mustard (<em>Brassica juncea</em> L.)

“…[13,24,54,55]. The enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants work in cells to neutralize oxidative stress and to keep their concentration levels below toxic levels [56,57], but declined oxidative effects because of Eth or individual supplementation of N and S have been previously reported; though their interactive role is scanty for discussion.…”

Ethylene Suppresses Abscisic Acid, Modulates Antioxidant System to Counteract Arsenic-Inhibited Photosynthetic Performance in the Presence of Selenium in Mustard

“…Numerous factors including geochemical, microbial, and human activities contribute significantly to As mobilization in the environment. In plants, As absorbed from the soil as arsenate (As V) or arsenite (As III) enhances generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that intensify oxidative stress, such as superoxide radicals, singlet oxygen, hydroxyl radicals, and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) (Tripathi et al, 2007 ; Khan et al, 2021a ; Nahar et al, 2022 ), resulting in damage to macromolecules and the inhibition of photosynthetic performance, growth, and productivity (Rahman et al, 2015 ; Farnese et al, 2017 ; Singh et al, 2017 ; Khan et al, 2021a , b ; Asgher et al, 2022 ). Several studies have documented plant sensitivity to As in contaminated soil or in an artificial setting, and reported that it interrupts plant developmental processes and antioxidant system (Srivastava et al, 2016 ; Asgher et al, 2021 ; Bali and Sidhu, 2021 ).…”