Phosphorus Requirements of Laying Hens Confined to Cages

Walter, E. D.; Aitken, J D

doi:10.3382/ps.0410386

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Hurwitz and Bornstein (1963) reported a reduction in feed consumption when dietary total phosphorus was reduced from 0.72 to 0.32 percent. The feed efficiency results (Table 2) agree with those of Summers et al (1976), Hunt and Chancey (1970) and Walter and Aitken (1962) but are not in agreement with those of Ademosun and Kalango (1973) and Singsen et al (1962) who found that feed efficiency was impaired when the total phosphorus in the diet was reduced from 0.6 to 0.4 percent. It was impractical to collect feed consumption data for strains within dietary treatments; consequently, the possibility of a strain X diet interaction cannot be discarded.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 42%

“…The maximum difference between treat - ment means (60 g.) was small. Both Walter and Aitken (1962) and Hurwitz and Bornstein (1963) have found dietary phosphorus level to affect weight gain during the laying period. Strain had a highly significant (P<0.005) effect on body weight at 497 d. but there was no significant (P>.05) phosphorus level X strain interactions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…It should be noted that Summers et al (1976) consider 50% of phytate phosphorus to be available to the laying hen. Singsen et al (1962), Walter and Aitken (1962), Crowley et al (1968) and Hunt and Chancey (1970) have found that 0.38% available phosphorus (0.01 to 0.3% non-phytate phosphorus) was adequate for peak egg production in White Leghorn hens of various ages and that lower levels had no significant effects on body weight, feed efficiency, egg weight or egg shell quality. In fact, the results of Summers et al (1976) and Hunt and Chancey (1970) indicate that the laying hen can utilize phytate phosphorus to meet her requirements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Effects of Dietary Phosphorus on Productive Performance and Egg Quality of Ten Strains of White Leghorns

Hamilton¹,

Sibbald²

1977

Poultry Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

One thousand five hundred and thirty-six individually caged S.C.W.L. hens were fed corn, wheat, soybean diets formulated to contain 0.55, 0.50, 0.45 and 0.40% available or 0.47, 0.43, 0.38 and 0.33% inorganic phosphorus from 140 to 497 d. of age. The hens were from three commercial strains, three 2-way and three 3-way strain crosses and from a control strain. Egg quality measurements were taken on eggs laid over 5 d. intervals seven times during the experiment. Chemical analyses indicated that the diets fed contained 0.58, 0.55, 0.50 and 0.45% available and 0.48, 0.45, 0.42 and 0.38% inorganic phosphorus. Phosphorus level had no significant effect on feed intake or efficiency, egg production, sexual maturity, egg weight, blood spots or mortality but had a significant effect on 497 d. body weight and egg specific gravity at 165, 225, 277, 335, 390, 445 and 490 d.j however, the differences were small for this latter trait and probably of little practical importance. Strain of bird had a significant effect on all traits except mortality and blood spots. There were very few diet X strain interactions. The results indicate that a level of 0.45% available phosphorus is adequate for laying hens under practical conditions.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 42%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Effects of Dietary Phosphorus on Productive Performance and Egg Quality of Ten Strains of White Leghorns

Hamilton¹,

Sibbald²

1977

Poultry Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Several reports, Pepper et al (1959) (floor-housed birds), Walter and Aitken (1962), and O'Rourke et al (1955) (caged birds) have indicated that practical diets, in which the phosphorus came primarily from plant products, supported fair to good egg production. Furthermore, Maddaiah et al (1963) concluded, in agreement with Gillis et al (1953), that hens utilized isolated phytate phosphorus more efficiently than did chicks.…”

Section: Experimental and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Gillis et al (1953) concluded that hens utilized the phosphorus from calcium phytate to a greater extent than did chicks, but only one half as effectively as that from dicalcium phosphate or defluorinated phosphate. Walter and Aitken (1962) reported that caged hens fed a diet supplemented with dicalcium phosphate required 0.60% total and a calculated 0.36% nonphytin phosphorus to support maximum egg production over an 11-month period. Hens utilized phosphorus from sodium or calcium phytate more effectively than chicks, according to Maddaiah et al (1963), but both compounds were less effective than dicalcium phosphate.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus in the Nutrition of the Adult Hen

et al. 1969

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Factors Influencing Egg Shell Quality—A Review

Wolford

Tanaka

1970

World's Poultry Science Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Japan ACTORS influencing egg shell quality have been investigated by F numerous researchers. This article is presented in an attempt to share a comprehensive, but not all-inclusive, review of factors, except genetic, influencing egg shell quality. The review was done in conjunction with an investigation concerning a cracked egg problem in caged turkey breeder hens (1, 2).A review of the various techniques and devices which have been used to evaluate shell quality has not been included because of recent published reviews (3,4,). However, despite the conclusion (4) that the reported methods have not measured true shell strength, the published information on factors influencing egg shell quality is of significant value to the practical researcher because egg shell thickness (5-lo), egg shell weight (11) and egg specific gravity (12, 13) have been correlated with crack incidence. NUTRITIONCalcium & Phosphorus: Egg shell quality of chickens whether measured by specific gravity, shell thickness, shell smoothness, breaking strength, percentage of cracks or shell appearance has been reported to be influenced by dietary calcium (14-60). Low dietary calcium levels, less than 2-0 per cent, significantly decreased egg shell quality in chickens increased egg shell thickness and egg specific gravity; although no effect has been observed in chickens (61-70) and in turkeys (2, 71, 72).The dietary calcium source (15, 73-83) and method (62, 84) of feeding calcium to chickens has been investigated. Feeding oyster .Completed while on sabbatical leave at Gifu University. Kakamigahara, Gifu, Japan. 163improve egg shell quality. Although, zinc proteinate has been shown to increase the percentage of shell (128). Dietary manganese levels below 20 parts per million decreased chicken egg shell quality (21, 109, 129, 130); but levels in excess of 71 parts per million have not influenced chicken (109) or turkey (131) egg shell quality.Other chemical elements such as ammonium chloride (30,121, 132-134) and hydrochloric acid (1 34) have decreased the thickness and specific gravity of chicken eggs when incorporated into the diet at the 1.5 to 2.0 per cent level. Sodium bicarbonate, at the 1.0 per cent level, in the diet of chickens increased the egg specific gravity and egg shell thickness (135,136 ); although others have reported that 0.5 per cent (20, 137), 1.0 per cent (20,42, 132) and 2.0 per cent (132) was ineffective. A 0.25 per cent sodium bicarbonate level in the drinking water of laying chickens increased the shell thickness when fed a low sodium chloride diet; but no effect was observed when the diet contained 0.25 or 1.0 per cent sodium chloride (138). Protein & Energy:Neither the dietary protein level (58, 120, 139-146), 15 to 21 per cent, protein source (42, 120, 121, 147-150), fish, animal or vegetable products nor amino acid supplementation (65, 141, 151), methionine or lysine, has been reported to influence the egg shell quality of chickens.Energy source (31, 121, 122,(152)(153)(154), corn, barley, wheat, oats, animal fat or veg...

show abstract

Phosphorus Requirements of Laying Hens Confined to Cages

Cited by 19 publications

References 3 publications

The Effects of Dietary Phosphorus on Productive Performance and Egg Quality of Ten Strains of White Leghorns

The Effects of Dietary Phosphorus on Productive Performance and Egg Quality of Ten Strains of White Leghorns

Phosphorus in the Nutrition of the Adult Hen

Factors Influencing Egg Shell Quality—A Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About